Organ description

Question 1

Parts of external examination

Answer 1

State of development
State of nourishment
Postmortem changes
Coat, skin
Tail, feet
Natural orifices, mucous membranes

Question 2

Postmortem changes

Answer 2

Pallor
Algor
Rigor
Maceratio
Exsiccatio
Cruor
Livores
Imbibition
Autolysis
Putrefaction
Saponification

Question 3

Oral cavity mucous membrane

Answer 3

Pale greyish red
Smooth
Shiny
Intact

Question 4

Conjunctiva

Answer 4

Pale rosered
Gently wrinkles
Shiny from tears
Intact

Question 5

Cornea

Answer 5

Convex
Transparent
Smooth
Intact

Question 6

Sclera

Answer 6

White

Question 7

Blood

Answer 7

Dark red
Covers the knife
Well clotted

Question 8

Skeletal muscle

Answer 8

Brownred
Structure recognizable
Medium moist
Medium easily tearable

Question 9

Abdomen

Answer 9

Intact
Medium tight
Normal location of abd organs
No pathologic free content
Parietal and visceral peritoneum is smooth, shiny, transparent, intact

Question 10

Spleen

Answer 10

Normal shape
Normal size
Brown/blueish brown
Flaccid
Wrinkled capsule

CS:
Brown
Structure recognizable
Medium moist
Pulp medium easily scraped out with back of knife

Question 11

Stomach

Answer 11

Shape
Fullness
Content
Mucous membrane
Folds

Question 12

Intestines

Answer 12

Fullness
Content
Mucous membrane
Peyers patches

Question 13

Liver

Answer 13

Normal shape
Normal size
Brownish red
Smooth capsule
Medium firm consistency

CS:
Brownish red
Structure recognizable
Medium moist 
Medium easily tearable

Question 14

Pancreas

Answer 14

Greyish yellow
Infiltrated well with fat
Loose structure

Question 15

Kidney

Answer 15

Normal shape
Normal size
Brownish red
Smooth surface
Firm

CS:
Brownish red
Well separated cortical/corticomedullar/medullar regions
Medium moist
Medium wide pelvis
Medium easily tearable cortex
Capsule easily removable

Question 16

Adrenal gland

Answer 16

Normal shape
Normal size

CS:
Structure well recognizable
Cortex and medulla well separated

Question 17

Urinary bladder

Answer 17

Shape
Fullness
Urine
Uroliths
Mucous membrane
Colour

Question 18

Testis

Answer 18

Normal shape
Normal size
Tight elastic
Smooth and shiny surface

CS:
Bulging
Gently uneven
Shiny
Structure recognizable

Question 19

Female genitals

Answer 19

State of vulva
Mucous membrane of vagina and uterus
Content of uteral cavity
Ovaries: shape, size, follicles, corpora lutea

Question 20

Tongue

Answer 20

Normal shape
Normal size
Flaccid
Soft
Intact mucous membrane

CS:
Structure of muscle recognizable
Medium easily tearable

Question 21

Esophagus

Answer 21

Mucous membrane:
Greyish white
Shiny
Longitudinal folds

Question 22

Thyroid gland

Answer 22

Normal shape
Normal size
Dark brown

CS:
Gently granular
Shiny

Question 23

Lungs

Answer 23

Normal shape
Normal size
Smooth surface
Pale brickred
Softly elastic supf and deep consistency

Pleura: smooth, shiny, transparent, intact

CS:
Pale brickred
Medium moist
Medium air bubble content of fluid

Question 24

Heart valves

Answer 24

Membraneous
Transparent
Intact edges
Easily retractable

Question 25

Pericardium

Answer 25

``` Shiny Smooth Transparent Intact Fat infiltration Content ```

Question 26

Chordae tendinae

Answer 26

Tight Smooth surface Adhere well to papillary muscles

Question 27

Epi- and endocardium

Answer 27

Smooth Shiny Transparent

Question 28

Myocardium

Answer 28

Brownish red Medium moist Recognizable structure Medium easily tearable

Question 29

Brain

Answer 29

Meninges: Transparent Shiny Medium dilated vessels Ependyma: Greyish white Smooth, shiny