Organ systems Flashcards
(26 cards)
List the organ systems of the body
Integumentary Skeletal Muscular Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive
List the levels of organisation
Chemical Cellular Tissue Organ Organ system Organismal
What are the components of the Integumentary system?
Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands and oil glands
What are the main functions of the Integumentary system?
Protects the body Helps regulate body temperature Detects sensations Helps make vitamin D Stores fat Provides insulation Eliminates some waste
What makes up the skeletal system?
Bones, joints and associated cartilages
What are the main functions of the skeletal system?
Supports & protects the body Aids in movement Provides surface area for muscle attachments Houses cells that produce blood cells Stores minerals and lipids
What makes up the muscular system?
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
What are the main functions of the muscular system?
Participates in movement
Maintains posture
Produces heat
What makes up the nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Ears & eyes
What are the main functions of the nervous system?
Generates action potential
Regulates bodily activities
Detects changes in internal & external environment
Interprets changes
Responds via muscular contractions & gland secretions
What are some of the main glands that make up the endocrine system?
Hypothalmus Pituitary gland Pineal gland Thymus Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Adrenal glands Pancreas Ovaries Testes
What is the main function of the endocrine system?
To regulate bodily activities by releasing hormones
What components make up the cardiovascular system?
Blood
Heart
Blood vessels
What are the main functions of the cardiovascular system?
Pumps blood around the body
Carries oxygen & nutrients to the cells and waste & CO2 away from cells
Helps regulate body temp, water content and fluids
Blood components defend against disease and repair damage
What components make up the lymphatic system?
Spleen
Lymph nodes
Tonsils
What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
Replacing lost fluid and proteins to blood
What components make up the respiratory system?
Lungs
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
What are the main functions of the respiratory system?
Conducts oxygen - CO2 exchange in blood cells
Produces sounds via vocal cords
What components make up the digestive system?
Pharynx Oesophagus Stomach Intestines Anus Accessory organs Salivary glands Liver Gall bladder
What are the main functions of the digestive system?
Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food
Absorbs nutrients
Eliminates solid waste
What components make up the urinary system?
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
What are the main functions of the urinary system?
Produces, stores and eliminates urine
Regulates volume and chemical composition of blood
Helps maintain pH of body fluids
Maintains the body’s mineral balance
What are the components of the female reproductive system?
Gonads - ovaries Uterus Fallopian tubes Vagina Mammary glands
What are the components of the male reproductive system?
Gonads - testes Epididymus Ductus (vas) deferens Seminal vesicles Prostate Penis
