Organ Systems II GI Anat Phys Embr Part II (RC) Flashcards Preview

Organ Systems Brons > Organ Systems II GI Anat Phys Embr Part II (RC) > Flashcards

Flashcards in Organ Systems II GI Anat Phys Embr Part II (RC) Deck (17)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Why doesn’t a person’s “guts” spill out onto the floor when they are attacked and eviscerated by a ninja?

A

The midgut and hindgut are tethered by the dorsal mesogastrum.

2
Q

The midgut and the hindgut leave the abdomen during what week of development? When do they return? Why do they leave in the first place?

A

Leave wk 5. Return wk 10. Leave to give abdomen time to enlarge and to allow them to move around so that they can rotate 270 degrees.

3
Q

What are the arterial branches of the Superior Mesogastric artery?

A
The superior mesogastric artery branches off the abdominal aorta to supply the midgut. Its branches are:
Jejunal a 
Ileal a.
Ileocolic a. 
Appendicular a. 
Right colic a. 
Middle colic a.
4
Q

What area does the Jejunal artery supply?

A

Jujenum

5
Q

What area does the Ileal artery supply?

A

Ileum

6
Q

What area does the Ileocolic artery supply?

A

Cecum, ileum, vermiform appendix, ascending colon.

7
Q

What area does the Appendicular artery supply?

A

Appendix

8
Q

What area does the Right colic artery supply?

A

Ascending colon

9
Q

What area does the Middle colic artery supply?

A

Transverse colon

10
Q

Why is it important to know the branches of the SMA and what organs they supply?

A

It tells the surgeon where to resect, as resection is done to include everything perfused by the artery and veins where the primary tumor is located

11
Q

What is the fuel, that also happens to be the most abundant amino acid found in the blood, used by enterocytes?

A

Glutamine

12
Q

What fuel do colonocytes (cells of the large intestine/colon) use?

A

Short-chained fatty acids

13
Q

What structures run in the mesentery?

A

Arteries, veins and lymphatic structures

14
Q

Where does the mesentary insert?

A

The posterior aspect of the hollow viscera

15
Q

How is the surface area of the small intestine increased millions if not billions of times from what it would be if it was just a PVC pipe?

A

A remarkable, fractal, system of plica, villi, and microvilli. Plica circulares are large circular folds created by contraction of the muscularis mucosa. Villi are folds of mucosa covered by a single layer of enterocytes, the main functional cell of the intestines. Microvilli are projections of enterocyte cell membranes into the lumen, also called the brush border.

16
Q

Why is it bad sometimes for lymphatic drainage if a person gets stabled in the left neck?

A

The thoracic duct empties into the junction of the left subclavian and the internal carotid vein.

17
Q

What structure in a villi marks the beginning of the lymphatic collection system in the GI tract?

A

The lacteal