Organelle Functions Flashcards
Eukaryotic cells
More complex!
Have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles!
Animals, Plants, Fungi
Cell membrane
Surrounds the cell!
Controls what moves in and out !
Phospholipid bilayer!
Semipermeable = Only certain small molecules can pass through
Nucleus
Control center = Controls most activities (e.g. Growth)!
Nuclear membrane
Surrounds the nucleus and separates it from the rest of the cell
Nucleolus
Dark shadowy spot in the nucleus!
Makes ribosomes
Chromosome
Found in the nucleus! Carry DNA
Cytoplasm
Clear gel-like material between organelles!
Made mostly of water = Place for many chemical reactions
Ribosomes
Put amino acids together to build proteins
Mitochondria
Powerhouse cell
Make energy for food through cell respiration
Vacuole
Membrane bound package!
Stores food, water, minerals!
Lysosomes
Vacuole with digestive enzymes!
Not in plant cells
ER
RER - ribosomes attached; make proteins!
SER - Detoxify drugs; make lipids!
Golgi body
Package material into vacuoles to be removed from the cell
Plant cells
They have all the previous organelles with 3 exceptions:!
1. No lysosome!
2. Cell wall !
3. Chloroplast
Plant cells #2
Cell Wall - Provides added support and protection!
Chloroplast - Contains chlorophyll (green pigment) for photosynethesis
Prokaryotic cells
Simplistic cells
No nucleus or membrane bound organelles (mitochondria, ER) !
Bacteria and Archaea
