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General Zoology (Lec) > Organelles > Flashcards

Organelles Flashcards

1
Q

Also called Plasma Membrane.

A

Cell Membrane

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2
Q

Separates the cell from its external environment.

A

Cell Membrane

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3
Q

Covers & protects the cell. Gives shape to the cell.

A

Cell Membrane

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4
Q

Semi-permeable: Regulates the movement and selects the material that passes through it.

A

Cell Membrane

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5
Q

Also called protoplasm. Inside of the cell.

A

Cytoplasm

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6
Q

Contains the organelles that perform all the physiological properties of the cell.

A

Cytoplasm

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7
Q

Gel-like material.

A

Cytoplasm

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8
Q

70% of the cytoplasm. Mixture of cytoskeleton filaments, dissolved materials, and water.

A

Cytosol

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9
Q

System of membranous tubules and sacs.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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10
Q

Internal transport system. Allows molecules in the cell to move from one part to another.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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11
Q

Lined with ribosomes (ER).

A

Rough ER

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12
Q

Protein synthesis & transport (ER).

A

Rough ER

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13
Q

No ribosomes (ER)

A

Soft ER

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14
Q

Transport materials other than protein (lipids) (ER).

A

Soft ER

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15
Q

Most common organelles in almost all cells. Not surrounded by a membrane.

A

Ribosomes

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16
Q

Sites for protein synthesis.

A

Ribosomes

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17
Q

Group of 80S ribosomes working together translating mRNA to polypeptides.

A

Polysome/Polyribosome

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18
Q

Floating in the cytoplasm. Size 70S. In prokaryotes.

A

Free Ribosomes

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19
Q

Lined the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum. Size 80S. In eukaryotes.

A

Attached Ribosomes

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20
Q

Powerhouse of the cell. Largest organelles second to nucleus and chloroplasts.

A

Mitochondria

21
Q

Manufactures energy in the form of ATP. Metabolizes carbohydrate and fatty acid to generate energy.

A

Mitochondria

22
Q

Acts like a digestive system to breakdown nutrients to produce energy rich molecules.

A

Mitochondria

23
Q

Infoldings (increases the surface of mitochondrial membrane).

A

Cristae (mitochondria)

24
Q

Processing and packaging plant, and secretory vesicle.

A

Golgi Apparatus

25
Q

Fused flattened sacs or folds. Also called dictyosome (in golgi body).

A

Cisternae

26
Q

Involved in the distribution of lipids around the cell.

A

Golgi Apparatus

27
Q

Protein synthesized in the ER packed into the vesicles and fused with the golgi body for secretion via exocytosis.

A

Golgi Apparatus

28
Q

Are vesicles with protein enzymes pinched off by golgi body to the cytoplasm.

A

Lysosomes

29
Q

Storage bubbles found in cells. Membrane-bound fluid sac.

A

Vacuole

30
Q

Stores large amount of various materials, like organic and inorganic molecules.

A

Vacuole

31
Q

Assisting in endocytosis and exocytosis.

A

Vacuole

32
Q

Tiny sac produced by golgi body.

A

Lysosome

33
Q

Contains digestive enzymes to help in the process of digestion.

A

Lysosome

34
Q

Digests and worn out organelles, and engulfed bacteria or viruses.

A

Lysosome

35
Q

Complex network of interlinking filaments or tubules. Cell skeleton.

A

Cytoskeleton

36
Q

Contractile (made of actin).

A

Microfilaments (cytoskeleton)

37
Q

Rigid, hollow tubes (made of tubulin).

A

Microtubules (cytoskeleton)

38
Q

Provide strength and support.

A

Intermediate filaments (cytoskeleton)

39
Q

Organizing centers for microtubule. Contains 2 bundles of microtubules at right angle to each other.

A

Centrioles

40
Q

Form the spindle fibers for the separation of chromosomes.

A

Centrioles

41
Q

House of centrioles.

A

Centrosomes (centrioles)

42
Q

For cell movement.

A

Flagella and Cilia

43
Q

Short, hair-like, and numerous in number.

A

Cilia

44
Q

Long, thread-like, and fewer in number.

A

Flagella

45
Q

Normally the largest organelle.

A

Nucleus

46
Q

Double membrane with many pores. Controls the movement of material in and out of the nucleus.

A

Nuclear envelope (nucleus)

47
Q

Spherical body in the nucleus for protein synthesis.

A

Nucleolus (nucleus)

48
Q

Houses the genes (DNA).

A

Centrosomes (nucleus)

General Zoology (Lec) (18 decks)

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