Organelles Flashcards
(12 cards)
What are the organelles common to both plants and animals
Nucleus
Plasma Membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vacuoles and Vesicles
Plasma membrane
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Outer boundary of a cell
What: Phospholipid bilayer with protein
Function: Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
Ribosomes
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm or bound to rough endoplasmic reticulum
What: Made up of RNA and protein
Function: Synthesis of polypeptides (protein production
Mitochondria
(Where, Function)
Where: found in the cytoplasm
Function: The site of cellular respiration
Produces ATP
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm
What: membranes with ribosomes attached
Function: Synthesis, folding + modification of proteins
transport of protein through the cell
membrane production
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm (part of the membrane system)
What: membrane without ribosomes
Function: Synthesis of lipids
carbohydrate metabolism
transport of the above through cells
detox of drugs and poisons
Golgi Apparatus
(Where, What, Function)
Where: in the cytoplasm (associated with the ER)
What: Stack of flattened, membranous sacks called cisternae
Function: Modification, sorting, packaging, storage and transport of proteins and lipids
manufacturing of certain macromolecules
Nucleus
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Anywhere in the cell
What: Double membrane with pores
Function: Controls DNA
Controls the cell’s activity (like the brain of the cell)
Vacuoles and Vesicles
(Where, What, Function)
Where: In the cytoplasm- often numerous
What: membrane bound sacs
Function: -Food Vacuoles: formed by phagocytosis of food cells
- Central Vacuole: provides cell volume and stores inorganic ions + metabolic waste
Cytoplasm
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Makes up most of the cells volume
What: jelly like substance
Function: site of most of the cell’s chemical reactions
Chloroplast (Plants)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: within cytoplasm of plant leaf (and sometimes stem) cell
What: contains chlorophyll (green colouring)
double membrane
stacks of flattened sacs or thylakoids which are stacked together as grana
Function: Where photosynthesis occurs
Cellulose Cell Wall (Plants)
(Where, What, Function)
Where: Surrounds the plant cell and lies outside the plasma membrane
What: Made of cellulose
Function: Protects the cell
Maintains the cell’s shape
Prevents excessive water uptake
