Organelles Flashcards
(20 cards)
prokaryote
old small and simple
examples strepocottus and methogenus unicellular
no nuleus
eukaryote
new complex and large examples plants animals fungi and protist multicellular or unicellular
has nucleus
DNA
genetic info needed to make proteins
EC: DNA inside a nucleus
PC: DNA has free chromozones within a nucleoid
ribosomes
provide a site to make proteins that the DNA codes for
made up of proteins and RNA
protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes
cytoplasm
interior of the cell
fluid part is called cytosol
everythign in between the the cell membrane and nucleus
cell membrane
plasma membrane
regulates what enters and exits the cell
semipermeable phospholipid bilayer
many carbohydrates and proteins are mixed with the phospholipid bilayer to help the cell communicate with the outside world
cytoskeloton
helps the cells shape and movement in the cell
network of protein fibers
PC and EC
nucleoid
consists of a clump of circular DNA
multicellular
made up of more than one cell
cells are the building blocks of cells, tissues and organs.
unicellular
made up of one single cell
largest unicellar organisim is algae
a colony is a bunch of unicellular organisims living and acting as one
nucleus
central, membrane enclosed organelle in all EC
has DNA
Endoplasmic Recticulum
hollow network of tiny tubes
Rough ER
helps to make proteins and serves as a pathway for them to travel
has ribosomes
golgi apperatus
stack of flattened memebranes that recieves proteins from ER
ssend proteins through vesicles
vesicles
membrane-bound containers that are used to transport multiple different items around the cell
mitochondria
surrounded by double membrane
they use glucose to store energy as ATP during a process known a cellular respiration
contains their OWN DNA
surrounded by inner and outer membrane
from your mom
Chloroplasts
contains light absorbent pigments like chlorphyll
only in plants
preform photosynthesis
lysosomes
special vesicles that have powerful enzymes to help digest old and foriegn cell and cell parts
vacuoles
store waste and assist with transporting substances
smooth ER
makes enzymes for jobs like calcium regulation and makes steroids for the cell membrane
