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Bio > Organelles > Flashcards

Organelles Flashcards

0
Q

Nucleus structure

A

Large, round

Surrounded by double membrane

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1
Q

What organelle:
Large, round
Surrounded by double membrane

A

Nucleus

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2
Q

What organelle:
Isolates DNA from cytoplasm
Not found in prokaryotes

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Nucleus function

A

Isolates DNA from cytoplasm

Not found in prokaryotes

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4
Q

What organelle:

Uncoiled DNA spread throughout nucleus

A

Chromatin

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5
Q

Chromatin structure

A

Uncoiled DNA spread throughout nucleus

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6
Q

What organelle:

Controls all activities of the cell by turning genes on or off

A

Chromatin

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7
Q

Chromatin function

A

Controls all activities of the cell by turning genes on or off

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8
Q

What organelle:
Double membrane surrounding nucleus
Connected to rough ER

A

Nuclear envelope

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9
Q

Nuclear envelope structure

A

Double membrane surrounding nucleus

Connected to rough ER

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10
Q

What organelle:

Control passage of materials into and out of nucleus

A

Nuclear envelope

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11
Q

Nuclear envelope function:

A

Control passage of materials into and out of nucleus

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12
Q

What organelle:

Dense region of proteins, DNA, and RNA in nucleus

A

Nucleolus

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13
Q

Nucleolus structure

A

Dense region of proteins, DNA, and RNA in nucleus

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14
Q

What organelle:

Sure of ribosomes assembly

A

Nucleolus

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15
Q

Nucleolus function

A

Site of ribosome assembly

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16
Q

What organelle:

Lipid bilayer with embedded proteins surrounding cell

A

Plasma membrane

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17
Q

Plasma membrane structure

A

Lipid bilayer with embedded proteins surrounding cell

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18
Q

What organelle:

Controls passage of materials into and out of the cell; communicates with adjacent cells

A

Plasma membrane

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19
Q

Plasma membrane function

A

Controls passage of materials into and out of the cell; communicates with adjacent cells

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20
Q

What organelle:

Single of double layer rigid barrier outside of plasma membrane of plant, fungal, and bacterial cells

A

Cell wall

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21
Q

Cell wall structure

A

Single of double layer rigid barrier outside of plasma membrane if plant, fungal, and bacterial cells

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22
Q

What organelle:

Support and protect the cell, determine cell shape

A

Cell wall

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23
Q

Cell wall structure

A

Support and protect cell, determine cell shape

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24
Q

What organelle:

Fluid that fills the cell (except inside of nucleus)

A

Cytoplasm

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25
Q

Cytoplasm structure

A

Fluid that fills the cell (except inside of nucleus)

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26
Q

What organelle:

Contains enzymes that carry out basic metabolism

A

Cytoplasm

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27
Q

Cytoplasm function

A

Contains enzymes that carry out basic metabolism

28
Q

What are the cytoplasmic organelles (9)

A 
Cytoskeleton 
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Ribosome
Rough ER
Smoot ER
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
Vacuole
29
Q

What is a cytoplasmic organelle

A

Organelles found in cytoplasm

30
Q 
What organelle:
Network of protein tubes (3 types)
1. Microfalaments
2. Microtubules
3. Intermediate filaments
A

Cytoskeleton

31
Q

Cytoskeleton structure

A

Network of protein tubes (3 types)

  1. Microfalaments
  2. Microtubules
  3. Intermediate filaments
32
Q 
What organelle
Reinforce's cell shape
Helps w cell movement
Helps w movement of materials within the cell
Helps position organelles with the cell
A

Cytoskeleton

33
Q

Cytoskeleton function

A

Reinforce’s cell shape
Helps w cell movement
Helps w movement of materials within the cell
Helps position organelles with the cell

34
Q

What organelle
Bean shaped surrounded by two membranes
(Inner membrane is folded for increased surface area)

A

Mitochondria

35
Q

Mitochondria structure

A

Bean shaped surrounded by two membranes

Inner membrane is folded for increased surface area

36
Q

What organelle

Carries out cellular respiration to make ATP for the cell

A

Mitochondria

37
Q

Mitochondria function

A

Carries out cellular respiration to make ATP for the cell

38
Q

What organelle
Bean shaped surrounded by two membranes
CONTAINS INNER THYLAKOID MEMBRANES FORMED INTO STACKS CALLED GRANA

A

Chloroplast

39
Q

Chloroplast structure

A

Bean shaped surrounded by two membranes

CONTAINS INNER THYLAKOID MEMBRANES FORMED INTO STACKS CALLED GRANA

40
Q

What organelle
Carries out photosynthesis to make carbohydrates for the cell
Found in plants and some protists (green algae)

A

Chloroplast

41
Q

Chloroplast function

A

Carries out photosynthesis to make carbohydrates for the cell
Found in plants and some protists (green algae)

42
Q

What organelle
Small organelle made of two parts (large and small subunits)
Some free in cytoplasm
Some attached to rough ER

A

Ribosome

43
Q

Ribosome function

A

Small organelle made of two parts (large and small subunits)
Some free in cytoplasm
Some attached to rough ER

44
Q

What organelle

Makes proteins by translation using instructions coded in RNA template

A

Ribosome

45
Q

Ribosome function

A

Makes proteins by translation using instructions coded in RNA template

46
Q

What organelle
Stacks of flattened, connected, membrane bound layers
Connected to nuclear envelope
Ribosomes attached outside

A

Rough ER

47
Q

Rough ER structure

A

Stacks of flattened, connected, membrane bound layers
Connected to nuclear envelope
Ribosomes attached outside

48
Q

What organelle

Modifies proteins made by attached ribosomes, adding carbohydrates and/or lipids

A

Rough ER

49
Q

Rough ER function

A

Modifies proteins made by attached ribosomes, adding carbohydrates and/or lipids

50
Q

What organelle

Stacks of flattened, connected, membrane bound layers NO RIBISOMES

A

Smooth ER

51
Q

Smooth ER structure

A

Stacks of flattened, connected, membrane bound layers NO RIBISOMES

52
Q

What organelle

Makes new lipids and membrane for the cell

A

Smooth ER

53
Q

Smooth ER function

A

Makes new lipids and membranes for the cell

54
Q

What organelle

Stacks of flattened, membrane bound layers, LAYERS NOT CONNECTED

A

Golgi apparatus

55
Q

Golgi apparatus structure

A

Stacks of flattened, connected membrane bound layers, LAYERS NOT CONNECTED

56
Q

What organelle
Modifies proteins by adding carbohydrates and/or lipids; sorts, packages, and sends proteins to final locations within the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

57
Q

Golgi apparatus function

A

Modifies proteins by adding carbohydrates and/or lipids; sorts, packages, and sends proteins to final locations within the cell

58
Q

What organelle

Membrane bound organelle filled with acidic fluid, digestive enzymes

A

Lysosomes

59
Q

Lysosomes structure

A

Membrane bound organelle filled with acidic fluid, digestive enzymes

60
Q

What organelle

Digests unneeded proteins and organelles; digest other materials taken into the cell by phagocytosis

A

Lysosomes

61
Q

Lysosomes function

A

Digests unneeded proteins and organelles; digest other materials taken into the cell by phagocytosis

62
Q

What organelle

Membrane bound space (many small ones in animals, one large one in plants)

A

Vacuole

63
Q

Vacuole structure

A

Membrane bound space (many small ones in animals, one large one in plants)

64
Q

What organelle
Stores water, nutrients, pigments (plants), and waste
Also breaks down waste in plants

A

Vacuole

65
Q

Vacuole function

A

Stores water, nutrients, pigments (plants), and waste

Also breaks down waste in plants

66
Q

Lysosomes are only in…..

A

ANIMALS

67
Q

What organelle organizes activity

A

Nucleus

68
Q

What organelle makes energy

A

MITOCHONDRIA

Bio (8 decks)

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