Organelles Flashcards
(55 cards)
Chloroplasts, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum are all present in what type of cells?
- Bacterial cells
- Red blood cells
- Plant leaf cells
- Epithelial cells from the lungs
Plant leaf cells.
When a plant cell was centrifuged at the lowest speed, organelle X appeared in the sediment, suggest which organelle this is and why it appeared in the sediment.
Chloroplasts because they are highly dense so fell to the bottom as sediment.
State the function of mitochondria.
Site of respiration.
State the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Protein synthesis.
Name one structure that is present in an animal cell that would not be present in a bacterial cell.
- Golgi
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Endoplasmic reticulum
- Chromosome
- Larger ribosomes.
Name one structure that is not present in an animal cell but could be present in a bacterial cell.
- Capsule
- Cell wall
- Flagellum
- Mesosome
- Plasmid
- Nucleoid
- Circular DNA.
Describe one function of the golgi.
- Formation of glycoproteins / glycolipids
- Secretion / modification of proteins
- Formation of lysomes / membranes / vesicles.
Which of the following organelles are featured in prokaryotic cells?
- Golgi apparatus
- Mitochondria
- Nuclear envelope
- Plasmid
- Ribosome
Present:
+ Plasmid;
+ Ribosome.
Not-present:
- Golgi apparatus;
- Mitochondria;
- Nuclear envelope.
Which of the following organelles are featured in an epithelial cell from the small intestine?
- Golgi apparatus
- Mitochondria
- Nuclear envelope
- Plasmid
- Ribosome
Present: \+ Golgi apparatus; \+ Mitochondria; \+ Nuclear envelope; \+ Ribosome.
Not-Present:
- Plasmid.
The drawing shows some bacterial cells, each of these cells is surrounded by a capsule. The main chemical constituent of this capsule is a nitrogenous polysaccharide, list the elements present in this compound.
- Carbon;
- Hydrogen;
- Oxygen;
- Nitrogen.
Give one way in which the genetic material in a bacterial cell would differ from that in an animal cell.
In the bacterial cell, DNA is naked / not associated with a protein / not in a chromosome / in a loop / plasmid / not in a nucleus.
Give one way which the distribution of membranes in this bacterial cell would differ from the distribution of membranes in a plant cell.
In bacterial cell organelles are not surrounded by membranes / bacteria only have a plasma membrane / no endoplasmic reticulum / have mesosomes.
Describe one way in which the function of the golgi is related to the function of the RER.
The golgi packages / stores / modifies / transports proteins synthesised by the RER.
What is the RER?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum.
Describe the function of the ribosomes on the RER.
Protein Synthesis / Translation.
What makes the RER rough?
The ribosomes on the outside.
What is the name for the ‘holes’ in the nucleus?
Nuclear pore.
Animal, plant, algae and fungi cells are what type of cells?
Eukaryotic.
Which type of cells are single-celled?
Prokaryotes.
Which type of cells are smaller and simpler?
Prokaryotic.
Bacterial cells are what type of cells?
Prokaryotic.
What are the organelles present in an animal cell?
- Plasma membrane
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Nucleolus / Nucleus / Nuclear envelope
- Cytoplasm
- Golgi apparatus
- Mitochondrion
- Ribosome
- Lysosome
What are the organelles present in an plant cell?
- Plasma membrane
- Rough ER
- Smooth ER
- Nucleolus / Nucleus / Nuclear envelope
- Cytoplasm
- Golgi apparatus
- Mitochondrion
- Ribosome
- Lysosome
- Chloroplasts
- Plasmodesma
- Vacuole
- Cell wall
Which organelles are present in a plant cell but not an animal cell?
- Chloroplasts
- Plasmodesma
- Vacuole
- Cell wall
