Organelles Working Together

Question 1

What requires a range if difference organelles and structures working together?

Answer 1

Synthesis and transport of biological molecules such as glycoproteins and enzymes

Question 2

Describe the production of enzymes or cell surface glycoproteins in cells

Answer 2

1. Amino acid pas from blood into cell via plasma membrane
2. Amino acids are transported to the ribosomes on the rough ER by tRNA
3. mRNA binds to ribosomes initiating protein synthesis- newly synthesised protein enters Rough ER
4. Vesicle carrying protein buds off from rough ER and and fuse with Golgi apparatus
5. Proteins are modified in the Golgi apparatus and packaged
6. Lysosomes (secretory vesicles) bud off the Golgi apparatus as proteins are now in their final structures
7. Secretory vesicles move towards membrane and are sometimes stored
8. Exocytosis, fusion of secretory vesicles with plasma membrane releases enzymes into digestive system or glycoproteins are now within cell surface membrane

Question 3

What does the highly in folded cristae of the inner membrane provide?

Answer 3

Large surface area for membrane bound proteins to attach

Question 4

What are membrane bound protein properties?

Answer 4

Hydrophobic R groups within membrane and hydrophilic in surfaces in contact with cytoplasm

Question 5

Why are membrane bound proteins attached at the cristae?

Answer 5

Generate a gradient of protons (H+ ions) across inner membrane which are then used by ATP synthase to synthesise ATP from ADP + Pi