Organic Chem Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is an hydrocarbon
Any compound that formed from carbon and hydrogen only
How many bonds do carbon have
4
Name 4 alkanes
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
What does homologous series mean
Similar properties that react in a similar way
Formula for hydrocarbons
Cn H2n + 2
What does saturated compound mean
Single covalent bonds
When chain length increases what happens to boiling point
Increase
What does volatile and viscous mean
Volatile - evaporates easily
Viscous- thick and sticky
Are shorter alkanes more flammable?
Yes
Main use of hydrocarbons
Fuel
What does hydrocarbons + oxygen make and what type of reaction
Carbon dioxide + water
Exothermic
Explain fractional distillation
Heat crude oil into a gas then put into fractional column where’s it hotter at the bottom and colder at the top then put in the gas the longer hydrocarbons condense first as it’s not hot enough to keep as a gas
What is cracking
Thermal decomposition
Two types of cracking
Catalytic cracking
Steam cracking
Explain catalytic cracking and steam cracking
Vaporise the hydrocarbon and combine with catalyst ( hot powdered aluminium oxide) this then spilts it
Vaporise the hydrocarbon then combine with steam then heat it again which splits it
Difference between alkane and alkenes
Alkenes have a double bond
What does unsaturated mean
Double bond
Test for alkenes
Bromine water into solution of alkenes makes it colourless
Are alkenes are alkenes more reactive
Alkenes
What can alkenes form
Polymers
Add h2 and catalyst what happens
Double bond breaks
Alkenes and water and what conditions it needs
Catalyst and high temp
Hydrogen and o-h
Alkenes with halogens what does it not require
Catalyst
What do u add on in replace of a hydrogen in alcohol
O H
