organic chem: crude oil, alkanes, some hydrocarbons,

Question 1

What is the name of the industry that produces solvents, lubricants, polymers and detergents?

Answer 1

petrochemical industry

Question 2

what is the name of the alkane that has 4 carbons and 10 hydrogens

Answer 2

butane

Question 3

what is the name of the alkane with 1 carbon 4 hydrogens

Answer 3

methane

Question 4

what is the chemical symbol for methane propane butane and ethane

Answer 4

CH4
C3H8
C4H10
C2H6

Question 5

what is the name of the alkane with 3 carbon 8 hydrogens

Answer 5

propane

Question 6

what is the name of the alkane with 2 carbon 6 hydrogens

Answer 6

ethane

Question 7

in fractional distillation which column is hotter

Answer 7

the one at the bottom is hotter and the top one is cooler

Question 8

what is the general formula for alkanes

Answer 8

CnH2n+2

Question 9

in fractional distillation what process is caused by heating and describe what happens because of it

Answer 9

evaporation or vaporisation,
heating it causes the hydrocarbons to evaporate and rise up the fractionalising column

Question 10

describe an alkane (2)

Answer 10

they’re saturated meaning all have single c-c bonds
chain of carbon atoms surrounded by hydrogen atom

Question 11

what hydrocarbons are used for jet fuel

Answer 11

kerosene

Question 12

what physical property is used to separate individual hydrocarbon fractions from crude oil?

Answer 12

different boiling points
different fractions have different boiling points, so they can be separated using fractional distillation.

Question 13

what do lines between atoms represent
and what does it mean

Answer 13

a covalent bond
meaning it is a shared pair of electrons

Question 14

in crude oil what are most of the compunds

Answer 14

hydrocarbons
most of them are a type called alkanes

Question 15

are alkanes a homologous family (having same relative structure) ? yes or no

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

crude oil is a finite resource what does this mean

Answer 16

it will eventually run out

Question 17

what are the different groups of hydrocarbons called and how are these separated

Answer 17

fractions
fractional distillation

Question 18

where do short hydrocarbons condense in the columns and same for longer hydrocarbons too

Answer 18

short hydrocarbons have a lower boiling points so they condense near the top where it is cooler
longer hydrocarbons have higher boiling points so they condense near the botttom where it is hotter

Question 19

what are 2 things that fractions created from fractional distillation can be used for

Answer 19

1. fuels
2. chemical products