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Organic chemical reaction Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

Alkanes

A

Combustion

substitution

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2
Q

Alkane:

Combustion

A

Alkane + O2 —∆–> CO2 + H20

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3
Q

Alkane:

Substitution

A

Alkane + X2 (Halogen) –Light–> Haloakane (must have light or heat!)

[X2 = Cl2, Br2, or I2

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4
Q

Alkenes

will also occur with alkynes

A

combustion
addition
others:

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5
Q

alkenes:

combustion

A

alkene + O2 —∆—> CO2 + H2O

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6
Q

Alkenes:

Addition Rules

A

adding atoms to the double/triple bond of alkene or alkyne to form single bonds

  • Reactioins needs catalyst
    • follow markonikovs rules
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7
Q

Alkenes:

Addition

A

Hydrogenation
Hydration
Halogenation
Hydrohalogenation

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8
Q

Alkenes
Addition
Hyrogenation

A

Alkene + H2 –Pt–> Alkane

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9
Q

Alkene
Addition
Hydration

A

Alkene +H2) –H+–> Alcohol **

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10
Q

Alkene
Addition
Halogenation

A

Alkene + X2 –> Haloalkane

happens in darkness, bromine test

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11
Q

Alkene
Addition
Hydrohalogenation

A

Alkene + HX –> Haloalkane **

[HX = HCl, HBr, HI]

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12
Q

Alkene:

Others

A 
Reactions that produce alkene
Dehydrogenation
Dehydration
Dehalogenation
Dehydrohalogenatioin
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13
Q

Alkene
Others
Dehydrogenation

A

Alkane –> Alkene + H2

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14
Q

Alkene
Others
Dehydration

A

Alcohol –> Alkene + H2O

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15
Q

Alkene
Others
Dehalogenation

A

Haloalkane –> Alkene + X2

[X2 = Cl2, Br2, or I2

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16
Q

Alkene
others
Dehydrohalogenation

A

Haloalkane –> Alkene + HX

[HX = HCl, HBr, or HI

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17
Q

Alcohols

A

oxidation

dehydration

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18
Q

Alcohols

Oxidation

A

1° Alcohol
2° Alcohol
3° Alcohol

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19
Q

1° alcohol —[O]–>

A

Aldehyde

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20
Q

2° alcohol —[O]–>

A

Ketone

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21
Q

3° alcohol —[O]–>

A

No reaction

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22
Q

Alcohols

dehydration

Study These Flashcards
A

Alcohol —> Alkene + H2O

23
Q

Thiols

Study These Flashcards
A

oxidation
2 Thiols –[O]–> Disulfide
(important for 3° structure of protein

24
Q

Amines

Study These Flashcards
A

amies are weak bases

Acid/Base:
Acid + Amine —> Ammonium salt of the acid + H2O

25
Aldehydes
Oxidation Reduction Hemiacetal formation Acetal formation
26
Aldehydes: | oxidation
Aldehyde --[O]--> Carboxylic acid
27
Aldehydes: | Reduction
Aldehyde --[H]---> 1° alcohol
28
Aldehydes: | *Hemiacetal formation
Aldehyde + Alcohol Hemiacetal
29
Acetal Formation *
Hemiacetal + Alcohol Acetal
30
* formation
forward reaction important for the formation of cyclic monosaccharides, and di and polysaccharides - reverse raection for the formation of linear monosaccharides and the hydrolysis of di- and polysaccharides
31
Ketones
Oxidation Reduction *Hemiketal formation *Ketal formation
32
Ketones | Oxidation
Ketone --[O]---> No reaction
33
Ketones | Reduction
Ketone --[H]-->2° alcohol
34
ketones | * Hemiketal formation
Ketone + alcohol Hemiketal
35
*Ketal Formation
Hemiketal + Alcohol Ketal
36
Carboxylic Acids
``` Oxiddation Reduction Acid/Base *Esterfication *Amidation ```
37
Carboxylic Acid | Oxidation
Carboxylic Acid ---[O]--> No Reaction
38
Carboxylic Acid | Reduction
Carboxylic Acid ---[H]---> Aldehyde
39
Carboxylic Acid | Acid/Base
Carboxylic Acid + Strong Base ----> Carboxylic Acid Salt + H2O
40
Carboxylic Acid | *Esterfication
Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol ---> Ester (*Lipid formation) + H2O
41
Carboxylic Acid | Amidation*
Carboxylic Acid + Amine ---> amide (*peptide formation) + H2O
42
Esters
Hydrolysis | Saponification
43
Esters | Hydrolysis
Ester + H2O Carboxylic Acid + alcohol
44
Esters | Saponification
Lipid + NaOH ---> Na salt of fatty acid (soap) + Alcohol
45
Acetal | Central Carbon is bonded to?
1R Group 2 OR groups 1 Hydrogen Atom
46
Hemiacetal | Central Carbon is bonded to?
1 R group 1 OR group 1 OH group 1 Hydrogen Atom
47
Ketal | Central carbon is bonded to?
2 R groups ( can be different) | 2 OR groups
48
Hemiketal | Central carbon i bonded to?
2 R groups (can be different) 1 OR group 1 OH group
49
Naming Esters
- the alkyl group from the alcohol OR | - The carbon chain from the acid with - ate ending R-C=O (carboxylic acid)
50
Phenyl group
ʘ + something
51
Benzyl Group
ʘ + C + something
52
Naming aldehydes
- al H-C=O =O + H
53
Ketones
- one R-C=O | R =O
54
Carboxylic Acid
-oic acid R -C= O | OH =O + OH

Chemistry (17 decks)

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