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GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 > Organic Chemistry > Flashcards

Organic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is crude oil?

A

A finite resource that is used to produce fuels and other chemicals. It is mostly made of hydrocarbons.

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2
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A molecule made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.

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3
Q

What does viscous mean?

A

Easily flowing.

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4
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

Separating crude oil into different fractions.

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5
Q

What is an alkane?

A

A saturated (unreactive) hydrocarbon.

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6
Q

What is an alkene?

A

An unsaturated (reactive, double bonded) hydrocarbon.

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7
Q

What is the general formula for an alkane?

A

CnH2n +2

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8
Q

What is the general formula for an alkene?

A

CnH2n

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9
Q

What happens during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels?

A

Both carbon and hydrogen are oxidized, energy is released, and waste products are produced, which are released into the atmosphere.

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10
Q

What are the products of cracking?

A

Alkanes and alkenes.

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11
Q

What are the products of fractional distillation?

A

Mostly alkanes.

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12
Q

What happens when an alkene reacts with bromine water?

A

The solution goes from orange to colourless.

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13
Q

What happens when an alkane reacts with bromine water?

A

The colour does not change (stays orange).

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14
Q

What is the word equation for the fermentation of sugar?

A

sugar (goes to) ethanol + carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What are alcohols?

A

Carbon-based molecules containing the functional group hydroxal (-OH).

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16
Q

What is an ester?

A

Volatile (low boiling points) compounds containing the functional group -COO.

17
Q

How are esters formed?

A

When alcohols and carboxylic acids react together.

18
Q

Which functional groups do amino acids contain?

A

The amine group NH2, and the carboxyl group (-COOH).

19
Q

What are starch and cellulose?

A

Polymers of sugars, carbohydrates.

20
Q

What are polymers?

A

Long-chain molecules.

21
Q

What is a monomer?

A

Small molecules with double bonds.

22
Q

What is addition polymerisation?

A

When monomers join together to form polymers.

GCSE Chemistry Paper 2 (5 decks)

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