Organic chemistry

Question 1

What can carbon do to itself

Answer 1

carbon can form strong covalent bonds to each other

Question 2

what is catenation

Answer 2

the ability to form bonds between atoms of the same element

Question 3

what forms can carbons present as

Answer 3

straight chains, branched chains and rings

Question 4

what bonds can carbon have

Answer 4

single, double, or triple bonds

Question 5

what structure are alicyclic hydrocarbons

Answer 5

ring (cyclo)

Question 6

acyclic hydrocarbons can be both …

Answer 6

aliphatic and alicyclic

Question 7

what is a aromatic compound

Answer 7

is a specific alicyclic compound that contains a benzene ring

Question 8

why is carbon a special atom

Answer 8

it can form strong covalent bonds to each other

Question 9

what is a molecular formula

Answer 9

exact number of atoms of each element present in the molecule

Question 10

what is a structural formula

Answer 10

the minimal detail using conventional groups (single bonds not shown)

Question 11

what is empirical formula

Answer 11

the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in the whole number

Question 12

what is a displayed formula

Answer 12

shows both relative placing of atoms and the number of bnods between them

Question 13

what is a saturated hydrocarbon

Answer 13

only has single bonds

Question 14

what is an unsaturated hydrocarbon

Answer 14

has double bonds

Question 15

what is an aliphatic hydrocarbon

Answer 15

carbon atoms joined together in a straight or branched chain (and can be cyclic but not aromatic)

Question 16

what is an aliphatic hydrocarbon

Answer 16

carbon atoms joined in a ring structure

Question 17

Define a homologous series

Answer 17

Series of an organic compound with the same functional group and share the same general formula

Question 18

What is a skeletal formula for

Answer 18

Shows bonds between carbon atoms but not atoms themselves

Question 19

What are the three fictional groups, what bonds do they have

Answer 19

Alkane, single
Allene, double
Alkynes, triple

Question 20

what is a positional isomer

Answer 20

fictional group attached to a different carbon atom

Question 21

what is a functional isomer

Answer 21

different functional group (members of different homologous)

Question 22

def isomers

Answer 22

same molecular formula, different atom arrangement (excludes when molecule rotates)

Question 23

def fission

Answer 23

breaking a covalent bond

Question 24

def heterolytic fission

Answer 24

one of the bonded atoms takes both of the shared pair of electrons, forming ions

Question 25

def homolytic fission

Answer 25

each bonded atom takes one of the shared pair of electrons

Question 26

def radical

Answer 26

a species with an unpaired

Question 27

def nucleophile

Answer 27

reactant that attacks an electron, often negative ions with lone pair

Question 28

def electrophile

Answer 28

reactant that attacks an area of high electron density accepting an electron pair, often positive ions

Question 29

def addition reaction

Answer 29

where two reactants combine together to form one product

Question 30

def substitution reaction

Answer 30

where an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms

Question 31

def elimination reaction

Answer 31

where are one reactant reacts to form two products

Question 32

what do curly arrows represent

Answer 32

the movement of a pair of electrons during the breaking of covalent bonds

Question 33

what is the bond called when two orbitals overlap

Answer 33

a sigma bond

Question 34

what are the three main categories for intermolecular forces

Answer 34

induced dipole-dipole interactions (London forces) permanent dipole-dipole interactions hydrogen bonding