organic chemistry Flashcards
(18 cards)
Fermentation produces a dilute solution of ethanol in water, name the process used to obtain ethanol from this dilute solution
Fractional distillation
Cracking is a type of thermal ____ reaction
decomposition
What is a hydrocarbon
a compound that contains only hydrogens covalently bonded to a chain of carbon atoms
what is an organic molecule
are compounds consisiting of carbon atoms most commonly covalently bonded to hydrogen,nitrogen or phosphorous or oxygen atoms
what do organic compounds in the same homologous series tend to have
-similar physical and chemical properties
-similar structure
-same general formula
Fractions of crude oil from low to high boiling points and their uses
petroleum gas(cooking and heating), gasoline(fuel for cars), naptha(making chemicals, especially plastics), paraffin(aviation fuel for jets), diesel(fuel in diesel engines), fuel oil(a fuel for ships and some heating systems), lubricating oil(lubricants,waxes and polishes), bitumen(road construction and waterproof roof material)
Why would kerosene/paraffin be considered a safer fuel than gasoline
gasoline has a lower boiling point which makes it difficult to store, paraffin has a higher boiling point which makes it easier to store
what is an isomer
isomers are organic molecules having the same molecular formula but different structural formula
what is viscosity
measure of a liquids resistance to flow
what is the boiling point of acetone
56 degress celsius
what happens in complete combustion
-carbon oxidises to carbon dioxide and the hydrogen oxidises to water
what are organic liquids
organic liquids are hydrocarbons with chains of various lengths
why do longer hydrocarbons have a higher viscosity
they are easily tangled
why do longer hydrocarbons have a higher viscosity
they are easily tangled
what are the uses of ethanol
solvent in perfumes, ink and glues. Fuel. To make esters (used in food colouring). alcoholic drinks
what are two methods to produce ethanol
hydration. fermentation of glucose
what must monomers have
a double bond
what must monomers have
a double bond
