organic chemistry Flashcards
(27 cards)
what is crude oil
a mixture of hydrocarbons
what is crude oil formed from
the remains of biomass
what is a finite resource
one that will run out
why is oil a finite resource
because it takes longer to form than the rate which we are using by it up
what is a hydrocarbon
a compound made of atoms if carbon and hydrogen only
what is an alkane
a hydrocarbon with only single bonds
what’s are the first 4 alkanes
methan, ethane, propane, butane
what is the general formula for alkanes
CnH2n+2
how does the boiling point change with the length of an alkane
the longer the alkane the higher its boiling point
what does viscous mean
thicj
how does viscousity change with the length of an alkane
the longer the alkane the more viscous it is
how does flammability change with the length of an alkane
the longer the alkane the less flammable it is
what is fractional disstilation
a proves used to seperate mixtures of substances with different boiling points
what are the steps involved in fractional disstilation
crude oil is vaporised, different molecules rise up the fractionating collin and cool down.condense at different point on the collum
why is fractional dissilation important
because the different fractions have different uses
what are 5 fuels obtained from crude oils
petrol, diesel, kerosene, heavy fuel oil and liquified petroleum gases
apart from fuels what other uses are there for products of fractional disstilation
solvents lubricants polymers and detergents
what is combustion
the reaction of fuel with oxygen
what’s the the products of complete combustion
carbon dioxide and water
when does incomplete combustion occur
when there is not enough oxygen present
what is cracking
the prices of breaking down a long hydrocarbon into smaller hydrocarbons
what are the products of cracking
short alkanes and alkenes
why is cracking important
because small hydrocarbon are more useful
what are the two types of cracking
catalytic and steam cracking
