organic chemistry

Question 1

homologous series is…

Answer 1

a group of compounds that can be represented by the same general formula

Question 2

a functional group is…

Answer 2

is a group of atoms that determine how a compound typically reacts

Question 3

what are isomers

Answer 3

They have the same molecular but different structual formula

Question 4

types of isomers

Answer 4

straight line or branched , and functional group in different places

Question 5

Crude oil fraction distilation

Answer 5

-The oil is heated until most of it has turned into gas. The gases enter a fractional distillation
-In the column there is a temperature gradient (hot at bottom and cold in top) , and crude oil condense at temps below their boiling point
-longer hydrocarbons have high boiling points so they condense early
-opposite for short
-bubble caps prevent liuids running back down the column and mixing
-

Question 6

bottom to top

Answer 6

bitumen(road), fuel oil(large ships), disel (larger veichels eg train), kerosene(jett fuel), gasoline (cars), refinary gases (cooking)

Question 7

Cracking

Answer 7

Form of thermal decomposition

Question 8

complete combustion equation

Answer 8

hydrocarbons+oxygen —-> carbon dioxide + water

Question 9

incomplete combustion

Answer 9

there is not enough oxygen - less o2 than co2
produces carbon monoxide and soot

Question 10

acid rain

Answer 10

when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides mix with water vapour

Question 11

getting rid of polymers

Answer 11

carbon-carbon bonds are very strong + burning plastic makes toxic gases