Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is organic chemistry?

Answer 1

The study of carbon compounds

Question 2

What makes carbon-based compounds so popular?

Answer 2

Carbon chains are very stable
The occurrence of isomers
The variety of functional groups that bind to carbon

Question 3

What are hydrocarbons

Answer 3

Largest class of organic compounds that only consist of carbon and hydrogen

Question 4

How many bonds does alkanes have

Answer 4

Single

Question 5

How many bonds does alkenes have

Answer 5

Double

Question 6

How many bonds in alkynes

Answer 6

Triple

Question 7

What are aromatics?

Answer 7

Consist of benzene, benzene derivatives and fused benzene rings

Question 8

What are alkanes

Answer 8

Saturated hydrocarbons

Question 9

What does tetrahedral mean?

Answer 9

In alkanes each carbon is the central atom in a tetrahedral arrangement (4 single bonds)

Question 10

Where and what are conformers

Answer 10

Found in alkane arrangements

When an atom had different rotational forms because of free rotation around a single bond

Question 11

What does methane represent

Answer 11

1

Question 12

What does ethane represent

Answer 12

2

Question 13

What does propane represent

Answer 13

3

Question 14

What does butane represent

Answer 14

4

Question 15

What does pentane represent

Answer 15

5

Question 16

What does hexane represent

Answer 16

6

Question 17

What does heptane represent

Answer 17

7

Question 18

What does octane represent

Answer 18

8

Question 19

What does nonane represent

Answer 19

9

Question 20

What does decane represent

Answer 20

10

Question 21

What is the formula for alkanes

Answer 21

CnH2n+2

Question 22

What do prefixes represent

Answer 22

The number of carbon atoms

Question 23

What does the -ane -ene and -yne represent

Answer 23

The hydrocarbon class

Question 24

What is a structural isomer

Answer 24

A molecule of a hydrocarbons that has many different forms

Question 25

What is a methyl group

Answer 25

-CH3 group | It is derived from by the deletion of the -ane ending and the addition of -yl (the alkyl group is the opposite)

Question 26

How to write the name of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane

Answer 26

1) draw longest chain 2) # Cs 3) add side chains (so first one is the lowest number) 4) add Hs

Question 27

What are Alkenes

Answer 27

Unsaturated hydrocarbons May have geometric isomers Use the -ene ending If more than one possible location for the double bond numbers are used for its location

Question 28

What is the formula for Alkene

Answer 28

CnH2n

Question 29

When does cis or trans not get used when talking about Alkenes?

Answer 29

When A=B or D=E

Question 30

What does cis or trans mean

Answer 30

Trans- longest line crosses the centre line | Cis- longest line stays on the same side

Question 31

What are Alkynes

Answer 31

Names are the same as alkanes but with a -yne ending

Question 32

What are cyclohexanes

Answer 32

A special RING for of alkane

Question 33

What are aromatic hydrocarbons

Answer 33

Based on a benzene ring which is a resonance structure Electrons are shared around the ring structure If more than 2 groups are attached then number must be used to name the molecule

Question 34

What does resonance structure mean?

Answer 34

Mix of 2 molecules (in aromatic hydrocarbons)

Question 35

What is delocalization

Answer 35

When electrons are shared around a ring

Question 36

What are Alkyl Halides

Answer 36

Alkanes with attached halogen atoms Attached F,Cl, Br and I atoms are called "fluoro", "chloro", "bromo" and "iodo" groups Use a number to indicate the position of the attached hydrocarbon chain, if more than one is present use prefix system List the attached groups in alphabetical order