Organic Chemistry Flashcards
(36 cards)
What are hydrocarbons?
compounds that consist of non-metal elements, carbon and hydrogen.
how many bonds can carbon form?
carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds with other carbon atoms .
when is a molecule stable?
a molecule is stable when its outer valence shell is full .
name the first 10 prefixes for organic molecules.
1C = meth 2C= eth 3C= prop 4C= but 5C= pent 6C= hex 7C= hept 8C= oct 9C= non 10C= dec
how to remember the first 4 prefixes?
- Mary Eats Peanut Butter
- Monkeys Eat Peeled Bananas
How do we name the ending of the molecule name?
it depends on the type of covalent bond in the molecule .
what are the three suffixs for covalent bonding?
- single covalent bonds= ane
- double covalent bonds= ene
- triple covalent bonds= yne
what is the suffix for side branches in carbon molecules?
- branches= yl
define pure hydrocarbons?
organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen
define saturated pure hydrocarbons?
organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen with only a single bond only
define alkanes?
fully saturated hydrocarbons
define halogenation?
the replacement of hydrogen atoms
define dehydrogenation?
the removal of hydrogen atoms
define alkenes?
a family containing a double carbon to carbon bond
what does organic chemistry refer to?
it refers to carbon-based compounds
what are the four main elements involved in organic chemistry?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
name 2 inorganic compounds?
carbon monoxide (CO) carbon dioxide (CO2)
what is a single bond?
when one pair of electrons are being shared in a molecule
what is a double bond?
when 2 pairs of electrons are being shared in a molecule
what is a triple bond?
when 3 pairs of electrons are being shared in a molecule
what is a homologous series?
it is a name given to molecules that have formulas differing by one or more CH2 units .
what are compounds that consist of carbon and hydrogen?
hydrocarbons
what is crude oil?
crude oil is formed by decomposed dead animal and plant remains that have been heated and pressured that have been around for a long period of time .
what happens when you crack and alkane?
produces shorter carbon chain alkanes or possibly alkenes
