organic chemistry D-E

Question 1

what is a halogenoalkane

Answer 1

alkanes where one or more hydrogen atoms have been substituted for a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) usually represented by X

Question 2

what is a primary halogenoalkane

Answer 2

the carbon the halogen is bonded to is bonded to just one other carbon atom

Question 3

what is a secondary halogenoalkane

Answer 3

the carbon the halogen is bonded to is bonded to two other carbon atoms

Question 4

what is a tertiary halogenoalkane

Answer 4

the carbon the halogen is bonded to is bonded to three other carbon atoms

Question 5

nomenclature of halogenoalkanes

Answer 5

prefix - fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo
multiplier - di, tri, tetra
prefix in alphabetical order and locants low as possible

Question 6

bond polarity order of halogens

Answer 6

C-F>C-Cl>C-Br>C-I

Question 7

solubility of halogenoalkanes

Answer 7

insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

Question 8

chlorination options

Answer 8

PCl5 (when chlorinating primary or secondary alcohol) or HCl (when chlorinating tertiary alcohols)

Question 9

conditions of chlorinating with HCl

Answer 9

shake to mix reactants, excess alcohol removed via drying with anhydrous salt and washing, water removed by separating and drying