Organic chemistry part one

Question 1

Crude oil is a …. Resource

Answer 1

finite

Question 2

What is crude oil made of

Answer 2

Plankton that was buried in the mud, crude oil is the remainder ancient biomass

Question 3

These make up the majority of the compounds in crude oil

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons

Question 4

Most of these hydrocarbons are called…

Answer 4

Alkanes

Question 5

What is the general formula for alkanes

Answer 5

Cn H2n+2

Question 6

Alkanes to Alkenes

Answer 6

Long chain alkanes are cracked into short chain alkenes

Question 7

Alkenes

Answer 7

Hydrocarbons with the double bond some are formed during the cracking process

Question 8

Properties of alkenes

Answer 8

More reactive alkanes and reactive bromine water

Bromine water changes from Orange to colourless in the presence of alkanes

Question 9

What is cracking

Answer 9

The breakdown of long chain hydrocarbons into smaller chains

Question 10

Why is cracking useful

Answer 10

The smaller chains are more useful

Question 11

What are the two different types cracking

Answer 11

catalytic

steam

Question 12

catalytic cracking

Answer 12

The heavy fraction is heated until vaporised

After vaporisation the vapour is passed over a hot catalyst forming smaller and more useful hydrocarbons

Question 13

Steam cracking

Answer 13

The heavy fraction is heated until vaporised
After vaporisation the vapours mixed steam and heated to a very high temperature forming smaller and more useful hydrocarbons

Question 14

The hydrocarbons in crude oil comes split into

Answer 14

Fractions

Question 15

Fractions

Answer 15

Each fraction contain small molecules in a similar number of carbon atoms in them the process used to do this called fractional distillation

Question 16

Using fractions

Answer 16

can be processed to produce fuels and feedstock the petrochemical industry

Question 17

Name some useful materials made by the petrochemical industry

Answer 17

Solvents , lubricants and polymers

Question 18

Hydrocarbon changing crude oil come in lots of different

Answer 18

Lengths

Question 19

The boiling point of the chain depend on its

Answer 19

Length

Question 20

Combustion

Answer 20

During the complete combustion of hydrocarbons the carbon and hydrogen fuel oxidised releasing carbon dioxide and water and energy

Question 21

Boiling point

Answer 21

As the hydrocarbon chain length increases boiling point increases

Question 22

What is viscosity

Answer 22

How easily it flows

Question 23

Viscosity

Answer 23

As a hydrocarbon chain length increases viscosity also increases

Question 24

Flammability

Answer 24

As the hydrocarbon chain length increases, flammability Decreases

Question 25

Alkenes and uses as polymers

Answer 25

Used to produce polymers they are also used in starting materials and many other chemicals such as alcohol plastics and detergents

Question 26

Why do we crack long chains

Answer 26

Without cracking many other long hydrocarbons will be wasted and there is not much demand for these as for the shorter chains

Question 27

370°C

Answer 27

Fuel oil

Question 28

200°C

Answer 28

kerosene

Question 29

150°C

Answer 29

Petrol

Question 30

20°C

Answer 30

Butane | propane

Question 31

400°C

Answer 31

Lubricating oil Paraffin wax Asphalt