Organic Reaction Conditions Flashcards
(29 cards)
Alkane –> Halogenoalkane
Reagent: Cl2
Conditions: UV Light
Mechanism: Free radical substitution
Alkene –> Polyalkene
Reagent: Alkenes
Conditions: Low temp. High Pressure
Type of reaction: Addition Polymerisation
Alkene –>Halogenoalkane
Reagent: HX
Conditions: Room temp
Type of reaction: electrophilic addition
Alkene –> dibromoalkane
Reagent: Br2 in water
Conditions: Room temp
Type of reaction: electrophilic addition
Alkene – > alkylhydrogensulphate
Reagent: Conc. Sulphuric Acid
Conditions: Cold
Type of reaction : Electrophilic addition
Alkylhydrogensulphate –> Alcohol
Reagent: Water
Conditions: Warm
Type of reaction: Hydrolysis
Alkene –> Alcohol
Reagent: Steam
Conditions: 300C, 60 atm, H3PO4 catalyst
Type of reaction: Hydration
Halogenoalkane –> Alcohol
Reagent: NaOH
Conditions: Warm, aqueous ethanol
Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Halogeoalkane –> Nitrile
Reagent: KCN
Conditions: Heat under reflux in aqueous ethanol
Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Halogenoalkane –> Amine
Reagent: excess Ammonia
Conditions: heat and ethanol
Type of reaction: nucleophilic substitution
Halogenoalkane –> Alkene
Reagent: KOH (high conc. so lots of nucleophiles)
Conditions: heat and ethanolic
Type of reaction: elimination
Primary Alcohol –> Aldehyde
Reagent: potassium dichromate & dilute sulphuric acid
Conditions: Warm, distillation
Type of reaction: Mild oxidation
Secondary Alcohol –> Ketone
Reagent: potassium dichromate & dilute sulphuric acid
Conditions: Warm, distillation
Type of reaction: Oxidation
Aldehyde –> Carboxylic acid
Reagent: potassium dichromate & dilute sulphuric acid
Conditions: Heat, Reflux
Type of reaction: Oxidation
Alcohols –> Alkene
Reagent: Conc. Sulphuric acid
Conditions: Heat
Type of reaction: elimination
Nitrile –> Primary Amine (conditions)
Reagent: H2
Conditions: Ni Catalyst, Raised temp. and pressure
Type of reaction: Reduction
Aldehyde / Ketone –> Alcohol
Reagent: NaBH4
Conditions: Water
Type of reaction: Nucleophilic addition
Aldehyde –> Hydroxynitrile
Reagent: KCN
Conditions: Room temp, Dilute acid
Type of reaction: Addition
Carboxylic acid –> Ester
Reagent: Alcohol
Conditions: Conc. H2SO4 Catalyst, Heat
Type of reaction: esterification
Ester –> Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: NaOH
Conditions: Reflux
Type of reaction: Hydrolysis
Acyl Chloride / Acid Anhydride–> Carboxylic Acid
Reagent: H2O
Conditions: room temp
Type of reaction: nucleophilic addition - elimination
Acyl Chloride / Acid Anhydride –> Ester
Reagent: Alcohol
Conditions: Room temp
Type of reaction: Nucleophilic addition - elimination
Acyl Chloride / Acid Anhydride –> Primary Amide
Reagent: NH3
Conditions: Room temp
Type of reaction: Nucleophilic addition - elimination
Acyl Chloride / Acid Anhydride –> N-Substituted Amide
Reagent: Amine
Conditions: Room temp
Type of reaction: Nucleophilic addition - elimination
