Organic Reactions Flashcards
Haloalkane + NH3 (concentrated)
Conditions: ethanol + heat + in a sealed tube
Reaction type: Substitution
Products: Amine + NH4X
Haloalkane + Halogen (X2)
Conditions: UV light
Reaction type: Substitution
Products: Di-haloalkane + HX
Haloalkane + NaX
(Halide ion has to be below the halogen atom in the periodic table for this substitution to occur)
Conditions: ethanol + stir
Reaction type: Substitution
Products: Haloalkane + NaX
(New halide ion replaces the halide ion in the alkane)
Haloalkane + KCN
Conditions: ethanol + heat using reflux
Reaction type: Substitution
Products: Nitrile + KX
(Carbon chain has increased in length)
Haloalkane + NaOH (dilute)
Conditions: lower temperature (100°C)
Reaction type: Substitution
Products: Alcohol + NaX
Haloalkane + NaOH (concentrated)
Conditions: Higher temperature
Reaction type: Elimination
Products: Alkene + NaX + H2O
(A hydrogen has to come off from a carbon that is a neighbor of the carbon with the halogen)
Alkene + Alkene
Conditions: Catalyst + high pressure + high temperature
Reaction type: Addition
Products: Polymer
(Double bond carbons become single and chain is ongoing)
Alkene + X2
Conditions: NONE
Reaction type: Addition
Products: Haloalkane
(Double bond becomes single and the two halogens join)
Alkene + H2
Conditions: (Ni or Pt or Pd) + heat
Reaction type: Addition and Reduction
Products: Alkane
(Double bond becomes single and the two hydrogens join)
Alkene + H2O
Conditions: H3PO4 + heat
Reaction type: Addition and Hydration
Products: Alcohol
Alkene + HX
Conditions: NONE
Reaction type: Addition
Products: Haloalkane
Alkene + O2
Conditions: NONE
Reaction type: Combustion and Oxidation
Products: H2O + CO2 + energy
1° Alcohol + Cr2O72-
Conditions: 1° Alcohol
Reaction type: Oxidation
Products: Aldehyde
2° Alcohol + MnO4-
Conditions: 2° Alcohol
Reaction type: Oxidation
Products: Ketone
3° Alcohol + MnO4-
Conditions: 3° Alcohol
Reaction type: NO oxidation
Products: NO REACTION
