Organic Reactions Flashcards
(22 cards)
Alkane -> Alkene
Cracking
High Temp + Pressure (Thermal)
OR
Zeolite catalyst + slight pressure + temp
Alkane -> Haloalkane
Free Radical Substitution
Halogen
UV Light
Haloalkane -> Alcohol
Nucleophilic substitution
Warm + Aqueous NaOH
Haloalkane -> Amine
Nucleophilic substitution
Excess Ammonia
Hot + Ethanolic
Haloalkane -> Nitrile
Nucleophilic Substitution
Potassium Cyanide
Hot + Ethanolic
Under Reflux
Haloalkane -> Alkene
Elimination
Hot + Ethanolic NaOH
Under Reflux
Alkene -> Haloalkane
Electrophilic Addition
HBr or HCl
Alkene -> Alkyl Hydrogen sulphate
Electrophilic Addition
Concentrated H2SO4
Alkene -> Alcohol
Electrophilic Addition
Hydration
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid Catalyst
Water (as steam)
High Pressure and temperature
Alcohol -> Alkene
Elimination
Dehydration
Concentrated Sulfuric or Phosphoric acid catalyst
High temperature
Alcohol -> Aldehyde
Oxidation
K2Cr207
Heat under distillation setup
Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid
Oxidation
K2Cr2O7
Heat under reflux
Alcohol -> Ketone
Oxidation
K2Cr2O7
Heat under reflux
Aldehyde -> Alcohol
Reduction
LiAlH4
Carboxylic Acid -> Aldehyde
Reduction
LiAlH4
Ketone -> Alcohol
Reduction
LiAlH4
Carboxylic Acid + Alcohol
Ester + Water
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
Condensation
Sulfuric Acid Catalyst
Heated
Acyl Chloride + Alcohol
Ester + HCl
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
Produces Misty White fumes
Acid Anhydride + Alcohol
Ester + Carboxylic acid
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
Used as by-product is safer than Acyl Chloride
Warm
Acyl Chloride + Ammonia
Amide + Ammonium Chloride
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
Forms a solid white precipitate
Acid Anhydride + Ammonia
Amide + Ammonium Ethanoate
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
Acid Anhydride + Amine
N Substituted Amide
Nucleophilic Addition Elimination
