organic reagents and conditions w some mechanismy things

Question 1

reagent for carboxylic acid to acyl chloride?
what other products are produced?

Answer 1

SOCl2
other products: SO2 and HCl

Question 2

reagents for acyl chloride to carboxylic acid?
what other products are produced?

Answer 2

H20
other products: HCl

Question 3

reagents and conditions for haloalkane to nitrile?
other products produced?

Answer 3

reagents: KCN in ethanol
other products: KCl

Question 4

reagents and conditions for carbonyl to hydroxynitrile?

Answer 4

reagents: KCN/H+ (aq) or HCN(aq)

Question 5

reagents and conditions for benzene to aromatic ketone?

Answer 5

acyl chloride/AlCl3

Question 6

reagents and conditions for phenol to nitrophenol?

Answer 6

HNO3(aq)

Question 7

reagents and conditions for alkane to (mono)haloalkane?
other products produced?

Answer 7

reagents: X2
conditions: UV light
other produced: HX

Question 8

reagents and conditions for alkene to dihalolalkane?

Answer 8

X2

Question 9

reagents and conditions for alkene to (mono)haloalkane?

Answer 9

HX

Question 10

reagents and conditions for alcohol to (mono)haloalkane?
other products produced?

Answer 10

reagents: NaX/H2SO4
other products: H20

Question 11

reagents and conditions for benzene to halobenzene?
other products produced?

Answer 11

Cl2 / AlCl3
OR
Br2 / FeBr3
other products: HX

Question 12

reagents and conditions for phenol to bromophenol?
other products produced?

Answer 12

Br2
other products: HBr

Question 13

reagents and conditions for nitrobenzene to phenylamine?
other products produced?

Answer 13

reagents: Sn / concentrated HCl
other products: H20

Question 14

reagents and conditions for alkene to alkane

Answer 14

H2 / Ni catalyst

Question 15

reagents and conditions for primary alcohol to aldehyde?
other products produced?

Answer 15

reagents: acidified potassium dichromate
conditions: heat under distillation
other products: H20

Question 16

reagents and conditions for primary alcohol to carboxylic acid?
other products produced?

Answer 16

reagents: acidified potassium dichromate
conditions: heat under reflux
other products: H20

Question 17

reagents and conditions for secondary alcohol to ketone?
other products produced?

Answer 17

reagents: acidified potassium dichromate
conditions: heat under reflux
other products: H20

Question 18

reagents and conditions for aldehyde to carboxylic acid?

Answer 18

reagents: acidified potassium dichromate
conditions: heat under reflux

Question 19

reagents and conditions for aldehyde to primary alcohol?

Answer 19

NaBH4
- written as 2[H] in equations

Question 20

reagents and conditions for ketone to secondary alcohol?

Answer 20

NaBH4
written as 2[H] in equations

Question 21

reagents and conditions for nitrile to amine?

Answer 21

H2 / Ni

Question 22

reagents and conditions for haloalkane to alcohol?
other products produced?

Answer 22

reagents: NaOH
conditions: reflux
other products: X-

Question 23

reagents and conditions for carboxylic acid to carboxylate salt?
other products produced?

Answer 23

NaOH(aq)
other products: H20

Question 24

reagents and conditions for acyl chloride to primary amide?

Answer 24

excess NH3

Question 25

reagents and conditions for ester to carboxylate salt + alcohol

Answer 25

reagents: NaOH conditions: heat

Question 26

reagents and conditions for haloalkane to primary amine?

Answer 26

excess NH3 in ethanol

Question 27

reagents and conditions for amide to carboxylate salt and amine

Answer 27

reagents: NaOH conditions: heat

Question 28

reagents and conditions for phenol to sodium phenoxide?

Answer 28

NaOH

Question 29

reagents and conditions for carboxylic acid and ester?

Answer 29

alcohol and concentrated H2SO4

Question 30

reagents and conditions for alcohol to ester?

Answer 30

carboxylic acid / concentrated H2S04

Question 31

reagents and conditions for acyl chloride to secondary amide?

Answer 31

excess primary amine

Question 32

reagents and conditions for phenol to ester?

Answer 32

acyl chloride

Question 33

reagents and conditions for phenol to ester?

Answer 33

acid anhydride

Question 34

reagents and conditions for benzene to alkylbenzene?

Answer 34

haloalkane / AlCl3

Question 35

reagents and conditions for haloalkane to alcohol?

Answer 35

H20 / AgNO3

Question 36

reagents and conditions for alkene to alcohol?

Answer 36

reagents: H20 (g) / H3PO4 conditions: temp > 100C

Question 37

reagents and conditions for alcohol to alkene?

Answer 37

reagents: H3PO4 or H2SO4 conditions: heat - also produces water

Question 38

reagents and conditions for ester to carboxylic acid + alcohol?

Answer 38

H+ (aq) heat

Question 39

reagents and conditions for amide to carboxylic acid + amine?

Answer 39

H+ (aq) heat

Question 40

reagents and conditions for amine to amine salt?

Answer 40

HCl (aq)

Question 41

reagents and conditions for nitrile to carboxylic acid?

Answer 41

HCl or H+ WITH H20

Question 42

reagents and conditions for benzene to nitrobenzene?

Answer 42

concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric acid

Question 43

name the type of mechanism involved in the reaction of alkene with Br2 or HBr?

Answer 43

electrophilic addition

Question 44

name the type of mechanism that haloalkanes undergo

Answer 44

nucleophilic substitution

Question 45

name the mechanism that benzene undergoes

Answer 45

electrophilic substitution

Question 46

name the type of mechanisms that carbonyls undergo?

Answer 46

nucleophilic addition

Question 47

define nucleophile

Answer 47

electron pair donor

Question 48

define electrophile

Answer 48

electron pair acceptor

Question 49

limitations of radical substitution of alkanes?

Answer 49

substitution of another carbon, multiple organic products formed