Organic Synthesis

Question 1

What are the Re-agents and Conditions needed to go from acyl chloride to N-substituted Amide.

Answer 1

• Primary Amine

- 20 degrees Celsius

Question 2

Reagents and conditions from Acyl chloride to Ester?

Answer 2

• Alcohol

- 20 degrees Celsius

Question 3

Reagents and conditions for Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid?

Answer 3

• H20

- 20 degrees Celsius

Question 4

Carboxylic acid to ester?

Answer 4

• Alcohol
• Heat
• conc. h2so4 catalyst

Question 5

Ester to carboxylic acid?

Answer 5

• H20
• reflux
• dilute H2SO4
• Carboxylate (COO-)

Question 6

Amide to Amine?

Answer 6

• LiAlH4
• Dilute HCl
• Reduction

Question 7

Amine to Amide?

Answer 7

• Carboxylic Acid
• Heat
• Oxidation

Question 8

Nitrile to Amine?

Answer 8

• Reduction/Hydrogenation
• LiAlH4
• H2/Ni
• Dilute H2SO4

Question 9

Haloalkane to Amine?

Answer 9

• Excess ammonia
• Ethanol
• Heat
• Nucleophillic Substitution

Question 10

Haloalkane to nitrile?

Answer 10

• KCN
• Ethanol
• Reflux
• Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 11

Haloalkane to Alcohol?

Answer 11

• NaOH/KOH
• Warm Reflux
• Nucleophilic Substitution

Question 12

Haloalkane to Alkene?

Answer 12

• Elimination
• NaOH/KOH
• Heat under reflux
• Ethanolic Conditions

Question 13

Alkene to Alkane?

Answer 13

• Hydrogenation

- Hydrogen with Platinum/Nickel catalyst

Question 14

Alkene to Haloalkane?

Answer 14

• HBr, HX, Br2 water
• Dibromoalkane
• Electrophillic Addition

Question 15

Alkane to Haloalkane?

Answer 15

• Cl2
• UV light
• Free Radical Substitution

Question 16

Alkene to alkyl hydrogen sulfate

Answer 16

• Electrophillic Addition
• Cold
• Conc. H2SO4

Question 17

Alkyl Hydrogensulfate to Alcohol

Answer 17

• Water
• Warm
• Hydrolysis

Question 18

Alkene to Alcohol?

Answer 18

Conc. h3po4 catalyst

• Steam
• 300 degrees Celsius
• 60 atm
• Hydration

Question 19

Alcohol to Alkene?

Answer 19

• Dehydration
• Elimination
• Reflux
• Conc. h2so4

Question 20

Aldehyde to Alcohol?

Answer 20

• NaBH4
• H20
• Methanol
• Nucleophillic Addition/reduction

Question 21

Alcohol to Aldehyde?

Answer 21

• K2Cr2O7
• Acidified Potassium Dichromate
• H2SO4
• Warm Distillation
• Mild Oxidation

Question 22

Alcohol to Ketone?

Answer 22

Acidified Potassium Dichromate

• Secondary Alcohol
• Reflux
• Hot

Question 23

Ketone to alcohol?

Answer 23

• NaBH4
• H20
• Methanol
• Reduction

Question 24

Aldehyde to 2-Hydroxynitrile?

Answer 24

• HCN/KCN
• H2SO4
• 20 degrees Celsius
• Nucleophillic Addition

Question 25

Ketone to 2-HydroxyNitrile?

Answer 25

- HCN/KCN - H2SO4 - 20 degrees Celsius - Nucleophillic Addition

Question 26

Alcohol to Ester?

Answer 26

- Carboxylic Acid - Conc. h2SO4 catalyst - Heat - Acyl Chloride/Acid Anhydride - Addition-elimination - 20 degrees Celsius

Question 27

Ester to carboxylic Acid?

Answer 27

- Dilute H2SO4 catalyst - H20 - Reflux

Question 28

Carboxylic Acid to Ester?

Answer 28

- Alcohol - Conc. h2SO4 catalyst - Heat - Esterification/Condensation

Question 29

What are the Re-agents and Conditions needed to go from an Acyl Chloride to a Primary Amine?

Answer 29

- NH3 | - 20 degrees Celsius

Question 30

Benzene to PhenylKetone?

Answer 30

- Acylation (Electrophillic Substitution) - Aqueous environment - Reflux - AlCl3 catalyst

Question 31

Benzene to Nitrobenzene?

Answer 31

- Nitration - Conc. h2so4/hno3 - Below 55 degrees Celsius

Question 32

Nitrobenzene to PhenylAmine?

Answer 32

- Sn/Conc HCl - Reflux - NaOH - Reductiob - NaOH can be oxidised

Question 33

PhenylAmine to N-PhenylEthanamide?

Answer 33

Nucleophilic Addition-elimination - 20 degrees Celsius - CH3COCl