ORGANIC SYNTHESIS PART 1 Flashcards
alkane into haloalkane?
- free radical substitution
- UV light step 1
- halogen
haloalkane to primary amine
concentrated NH3 in excess
heat under pressure
nucleophilic substitution
primary amine to alkyl ammonium salts
dilute HCl
room temp
basically can act as a base and accept a proton forming a salt
tertiary amine to quaternary ammonium salt
halogenoalkane
heat
nucleophilic substitution
secondary amine to tertiary amine
haloalkane
heat
nucleophilic substitution
primary amine to secondary amine
haloalkane
heat
nucleophilic substitution
haloalkane to alkene
NaOH in ethanol
heat
elimination
alkene to haloalkane
hydrogen halide
room temp
electrophilic addition
haloalkane to alcohol
NaOH aq
heat under reflux
nucleophilic substitution
haloalkane to nitrile
KCN in ethanol
heat
nucleophilic substitution
nitrile to primary amine
LiAlH4 in dry ether
heat
reduction
alkene to dihaloalkanes
halogen
room temperature
electrophilic addition
dihaloalkanes to diols
NaOH aq
heat under reflux
nucleophilic substitution
alkene to alcohol
steam + h2so4
heat
hydration
alcohol to alkene
acid catalyst
heat
elimination
alcohol to ketone
acidifed potassium dichromate
heat
oxidation
ONLY WORKS IF ALCOHOL IS SECONDARY
ketone to alcohol
NaBH4 aq
heat
reduction
alcohol to aldehyde
acidifed potassium dichromate
oxidation
heat to distill at boiling point
aldehyde to alcohol
NaBH4 aq
heat
reduction
nitriles to carboxylic acid
dilute hcl and water
heat
hydrolysis
aldehydes to carboxylic acid
acidifed potassium dichromate
heat under reflux
oxidation
carboxylic acids to aldehydes
not in spec
carboxylic acids to esters
alcohol and strong acid catalyst h2so4
esterification
acyl chloride to ester
alcohol
room temperature
nucleophilic addition elimination
