Organization of the Body Flashcards
(24 cards)
Anatomy
study of the structure of an organism and the relationships of its parts; “to cut apart”
Physiology
study of the function of living organisms and its parts
Autopoiesis
“self-making”
Characteristics of Human Life (Red Cats Grow Rapidly Despite Always Sleeping Every Chance Regularly)
Responsiveness, Conductivity, Growth, Respiration, Digestion, Absorption, Secretion, Excretion, Circulation, Reproduction
Levels of Organization (7)
(Sm → Lg): Chemical, Organelle, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organism
Body Systems (11)
Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Endocrine, Nervous, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic/immune, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive
Anatomical Position
The body is erect standing, arms at the sides, palms facing forward, head and feet pointed forward
Bilateral Symmetry
Right and left sides are mirror images; only one plane can divide the body into left and right halves
Ipsilateral vs. Contralateral
Ipsilateral: “same side”
Contralateral: “opposite side”
Superior / Inferior
Superior: above; “toward the head”
Inferior: below; “toward the feet”
Anterior / Posterior
Anterior: ventral; front
Posterior: dorsal; back
Medial / Lateral
Medial: toward the midline of the body
Lateral: away from the midline; toward the side of the body
Lumen
hollow area inside an organ
Central / Peripheral
Central: near the center
Peripheral: around the boundary
(nervous system)
Medullary / Cortical
Medullary: inner region/core of an organ
Cortical: outer region/layer of an organ
Basal / Apical
Basal: base; widest part of an organ
Apical: (apex, point) narrow tip of an organ
What is any lengthwise plane running from front to back and top to bottom, dividing the body or any of its parts into right and left sides?
Sagittal Plane
Any lengthwise playing running from side to side and top to bottom, dividing the body or any of its parts into anterior and posterior portions
Coronal /Frontal Plane
Any crosswise plane that divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower parts
Transverse Plane
A cut along a plane parallel with the short axis of an organ
Cross-Section
A cut along the long axis of an organ
Longitudinal Section
Angled / Diagonal Cuts
Oblique Sections
One of the 2 major types of body cavities which includes the cranial and spinal cavity. Forms along the dorsum/back of the body during early development
Dorsal Cavity
One of the 2 major types of body cavities which includes the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
Ventral Cavities
