Organization of the Inside of the Organism

Question 1

What are organelles?

Answer 1

Organelles are tiny little structures inside cells that each performs its specific functions.

Question 2

What are cells?

Answer 2

A cell is the basic and smallest structural and functional unit of a living organism

Question 3

What are tissues?

Answer 3

A tissue is a group of cells along with the materials surrounding them that work together to perform a certain function

Question 4

What are organs?

Answer 4

Organs are composed of two or more different types of tissues and have a recognizable shape and specific functions.

Question 5

How many systems are there, and what are they?

Answer 5

There are 11 main systems, which include:
1. The digestive system
2. The respiratory system
3. The circulatory system
4. The urinary system
5. The nervous system
6. The endocrine system
7. The reproductive system
8. The immune system
9. The muscular system
10. The skeletal system
11. The integumentary system

Question 6

What is an organ system?

Answer 6

A group of organs with certain functions.

Question 7

How many levels of organization are there, and what are they?

Answer 7

There are 6 levels of organization. They are:

1. chemical
2. organelle
3. cellular
4. tissue
5. organ
6. system
7. organism

Question 8

What is one example of each of the different levels of organization?

Answer 8

1. [molecular] DNA
2. [organelle] mitochondria
3. [cellular] smooth muscle cell
4. [tissue] smooth muscle tissue
5. [organ] small intestine
6. [system] digestive system
7. [organismal] one Homo sapien

Question 9

How many tissue types are in an animal, and what are they?

Answer 9

There are 4 main tissue types in animals. They are:

1. epithelial tissue
2. connective tissue
3. muscular tissue
4. nervous tissue

Question 10

How many tissue types are in a plant, and what are they?

Answer 10

The 2 important tissue types in plants are xylem and phloem.

Question 11

What are the functions of the xylem and the phloem?

Answer 11

Xylem transports water through the plant and phloem transports sap down from the leaves.

Question 12

What are examples of organs inside the human body?

Answer 12

Some of the organs of the human body include the heart, kidneys, brain, liver, pancreas, ovaries, lungs, bladder, small intestine, large intestine, and stomach.

Question 13

What are the organs of a plant?

Answer 13

Leaves, roots, stems and flowers are all plant organs.

Question 14

What is the function of the heart?

Answer 14

The function of the heart is to pump blood through the whole body to deliver oxygen and ourishment to muscles and organs.

Question 15

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 15

The function of the liver is to filter toxins from the body, provide bile to aid digestion, store vitamins and minerals, and help control blood sugar levels.

Question 16

What is the function of the lungs?

Answer 16

The function of the lungs is to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.

Question 17

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 17

The function of the stomach is to release acid and enzymes to begin breaking down food.

Question 18

What is the function of the brain?

Answer 18

The function of the brain is to control everything in our body including actions, emotions, personality, memory, language and movement.

Question 19

What is the function of the kidneys?

Answer 19

The function of the kidneys is to remove waste from the body and produce urine.

Question 20

What is the function of the bladder?

Answer 20

The function of the bladder is to store urine before it is discharged from the body.

Question 21

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 21

The function of the pancreas is to secrete hormones and digestive enzymes and produce insulin that helps manage levels of sugar in the bloodstream.

Question 22

What is the function of the ovaries?

Answer 22

The function of the ovaries is to produce eggs and hormones.

Question 23

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 23

The function of the small intestine is to break down chemical food and absorb nutrients.

Question 24

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 24

The function of the large intestine is to absorb water and salts from the food after the small intestine has absorbed most of the other nutrients.

Question 25

What does the digestive system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 25

The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder) and is responsible for extracting nutrients from the food that we eat.

Question 26

What does the respiratory system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 26

The respiratory system is a biological system consisting of the lungs and other specific organs and structures used for gas exchange.

Question 27

What does the circulatory system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 27

The circulatory system, consisting of the heart and blood vessels, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hormones to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.

Question 28

What does the urinary system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 28

The urinary system consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and the urethra, whose collective function is to filter toxic waste materials from the blood and excrete them from the body in urine.

Question 29

What does the nervous system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 29

The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which coordinate the body’s actions.

Question 30

What does the endocrine system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 30

The endocrine system is a collection of glands that secrete hormones, which act as chemical messengers.

Question 31

What does the reproductive system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 31

The reproductive system is a system of sex organs within an organism that work together for the purpose of sexual reproduction.

Question 32

What does the lymphatic/immune system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 32

The lymphatic/immune system is part of the circulatory system and a vital part of the immune system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart. It is also responsible for protecting the body from disease.

Question 33

What does the muscular system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 33

The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body.

Question 34

What does the skeletal system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 34

The skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body. The skeleton acts as a scaffold by providing support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints.

Question 35

What does the integumentary system consist of, and what are its functions?

Answer 35

The integumentary system is composed of the skin, hair, oil and sweat glands, nails, and sensory receptors.

Question 36

What is the structure of the lungs?

Answer 36

A long tube called the trachea goes from the mouth and splits into two **bronchi**. These split into smaller **bronchioles** that have **alveoli** attached to them.