Organzation Of Matter Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the smallest unit of matter?
Atom
What are the three subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
Which subatomic particle has a neutral charge?
Neutron
Which subatomic particle has a negative charge?
Electron
What is the nucleus of an atom made up of?
Protons and neutrons
Where are electrons located in an atom?
In orbitals or energy levels surrounding the nucleus
What is the atomic number of an element?
Number of protons in the nucleus
What is the mass number of an element?
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is the charge of an atom if it has an equal number of protons and electrons?
Neutral
True or False: Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
True
What is an ion?
An atom that has gained or lost electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge
What is the electron configuration of an atom?
The arrangement of electrons in orbitals around the nucleus
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers
What is the Aufbau Principle?
Electrons fill orbitals starting from the lowest energy level to the highest
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom?
2
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the second energy level of an atom?
8
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level of an atom?
18
What is the shape of an s orbital?
Spherical
What is the shape of a p orbital?
Dumbbell-shaped
What is the shape of a d orbital?
Complex and multi-lobed
What is the shape of an f orbital?
Even more complex and multi-lobed
What is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle?
It is impossible to know both the exact position and momentum of an electron simultaneously
What is the Schrödinger equation used for in quantum mechanics?
To describe the behavior of electrons in atoms
