orientation Flashcards
1
Q
gravity injector
A
0.43
2
Q
libitina
A
The ancient roman goddess of corpses and funerals
3
Q
libitinarius
A
Head undertaker in ancient Rome; the secular role model for today’s funeral director; conducted his business at the temple of Libitina where death were also registered
4
Q
Pollinctores
A
Name of the ancient Roman embalmers; they were either slaves or employees of Libitinarius
5
Q
designator
A
acted as master of ceremonies and director of the funeral procession (ancient roman)
6
Q
Osiris
A
god of underworld (judge of the dead) believed sun was center of universe
7
Q
Anubis
A
god of death (god of embalming)
8
Q
Herodotus (Greek)
A
father of history, first to state Egyptians believed in a soul
9
Q
disease plaque
A
was another major reason Egyptians process of burial (sanitation) purification didn’t occur due to heat so extreme
10
Q
kher- heb or priest
A
in charge of necropolis
11
Q
embalmer/ surgeon
A
anatomist
12
Q
pollinator/ apothecary
A
dispenses drugs
13
Q
dissector/ paraschisties
A
made the incision stoned if incorrect
14
Q
scribe/lawyer
A
gave path of incision
15
Q
first method of embalming
A
mainly royalty
removed brain
cedar oil poured in vault through nostrils
16
Q
second method of embalming
A
injection of cedar oil into body cavities evisceration
17
Q
third method of embalming (popular)
A
the mummy type known best to the western world
18
Q
(Greek) Golden age
A
art, religion, medicine reached its peak
19
Q
a form of punishment for Greeks
A
DEATH
20
Q
Hades realm
A
Greek afterworld
21
Q
Greeks
A
burial was primary method of deposition
22
Q
Elysian plain (field)
A
Greek afterworld was like the one they lived in. person must have lived a worthy life
23
Q
obel/obol
A
pay “Charon” the ferryman for passage over the river “styx” to the elysian plain
24
Q
for Greeks
A
burial occurred one hour before daylight, the funeral that day
25
suttee
self inflicted sacrificial/ cremation of a wife with her husband
26
romans
borrowed and adopted from Greek (art) secular- no religion basis
27
earlier animistic view (ancient romans)
the doctrine which holds the soul in the vital principle
28
epicureans (ancient romans)
bought a more philosophic conception, body and body, atoms, disintegration death life after was no different from before.
29
sanitization reasons
burial within the walls of Rome was prohibited
30
Commune sepulchral/ common burial pits
lower socio- economic class were buried along with slaves and aliens (foreign); outside of the walls
31
first memorial societies
were formed and founded in ancient romans
32
Misera plebs
common people
33
conclamatio mortis
the calling out of dead as tearing of their hair, rending their garment scratching their faces until blood dew out encircled the coffin and shrieking the deceased name.
34
basar
flesh
35
nefesh
(breath) spirit like substance
36
sheol (Hebrew)
the lead a shadowy afterlife in a netherland
37
Hebrew
burial took place usually on the evening of the day of death.
38
funeral wake
psychological need and conformation of death
39
Valhalla (Scandinavian)
the place of afterlife where the gods dwell, only reserved for aristocratic or heroes
40
everlasting battle
each night the dead would rise and do battle with enemy (buried)
41
Valkyries
supernatural guardian women who gave aid to certain hero's during life
42
pax romona
roman peace
43
Venetian Doge Dandolo
started the first movement on sanitary methods because of the foul odors present in both the cemeteries and churches , establish the first health condition
44
Ambrose Pare
Father of French surgery, worked in sanitation research
45
doctrine of purgatory
belief of purgation, in which those whose souls are not perfectly cleansed undergo a cleansing process
46
leagues of purgation
club-like in nature and were organized formed to pray the dead out of purgatory
47
Hebrew
buried in everyday clothing
48
yahweh
ruler of sheol
49
sexton
officer of the church who was responsible for
care of the church properly, ringing of the church bell, digging graves in the churchyard cemetery, and care for god acre, took care of the undertaking tasks
during the middle ages most funeral practices were under the direction of church officials; also known as a vicar
50
Aanspreecker (Dutch)
a licensed official who directed the funerals
51
Monkey-spoon
an image of a Saint on the handle of spoons, which looked more like an animal than a human
52
Furious fusillade
the firing of the blunderbusses by the men, with both powder and shots provided by the widow
53
The Embargo Acts and changes brought about in the funeral customs
Use of clothing items as gifts decreased
Bands of crepe replaced the customary new suit for the funeral
Included a black band around the left arm and sometimes a black sash worn either around the waist or diagonally across one shoulder
Ribbons on bonnets and dresses replaced new dresses
Gloves were given only to the Bearers
8 shillings each was all the undertaker and sexton could charge for each service
54
Blanche White
an English woman, was first to advertise as an Undertaker
55
Michael Jenkins
the first cabinet maker to call himself an undertaker in Baltimore
56
Andrew Gardner
was a furniture and cabinet maker, and established himself as an undertaker
57
Sam Bleigh and Alexander Thorpe
were among the first to furnish the horse-drawn hearses
58
Nurses/midwives
are recognizes as a profession that cares for the dead
59
town undertaker
Handled county, indigent, or equal cases for the community
. Frequently acted as the sanitation officer
Was sometimes the registrar of deaths
60
Coroner
was commonly the undertaker
61
Inviter to funerals
retained by more prominent communities to go through the street knocking on doors and inviting people to a funeral
He was paid by families in some cases
He was generally paid by the community and a fee was levied on the family
62
Jean Nicholas Gannal (French Chemist)
wrote the first test on embalming,
| The History of Embalming
63
Harlan
translated the work to English
| This translation gave Americans the first text on embalming with instructions.
64
Dr. Thomas Holmes
Father of American Embalming,
| Embalmed Colonel Elmer Ellsworth, developed the embalming pump
65
Prince Greer
First documented African American Embalmer
66
Richard Burr
Fraud, attempted extortion and arson
| Cause for “Order Concerning Embalmers
67
Belly puncture
People who embalmed via the arterial system considered those who only cavity embalmed as substandard.
68
Joseph Clarke
Possibly the first school for embalming
69
August Renouard
second school of embalming, WROTE THE FIRST UNDERTAKING MANUAL
70
widow
Funeral clothes (black garments) were worn for two years
71
Widower
Black suit for a year, then grey
72
Allen Durfee
Father of the National Funeral Directors Association, he first state association was formed
73
Communication within the trade/profession
First method was by the way of “drummers” or salesmen
Trade journals later took over
American Funeral Director
74
Da’ vinci
who summarized 750 plates after dissecting over 50 cadavers.
also developed a system of venous injection which years later may have served as an inspiration to
75
Frederick R. Ruysch
was a Dutch professor who while searching for a means of inhibiting putrefaction in anatomical specimens, devised a technique for arterial embalming although he did not divulge his media or operative details
76
William Harvey
was an English physician and anatomist and greatest of physiologists, INJECTED COLORED SOLUTIONS solutions into the arteries to support his theories concerning the circulation of blood
77
William Hunter
```
A great Scotch Anatomist, included
in his lectures, the use of arterial
and cavity embalming for preserving
the human body not only for
laboratory use but for burial as well
```
78
John Hunter
hunter canal
79
Federal Trade Commission
A rigid container designed for the encasement of human remains which is usually constructed of wood, metal, or like material and ornamented and lined with fabric.
80
American board of funeral service education (ABFSE)
A case or receptacle in which human remains are placed for protection, practical utility, and a suitable memory picture; and any box or container of one or more parts in which the dead human body is placed prior to the interment, entombment, or cremation which may or may not be permanently interred, entombed or cremated with the dead human remains
81
softwood
any light, easily cut wood; cone bearing (coniferous) or fruit bearing (drupaceous)
a) Pine
b) Fir
c) Redwood
d) Cedar
e) Cypress
f) Spruce
82
hardwood
any tough, heavy timber with a compact texture; any deciduous tree (any tree that loses its leaves annually)
a) Birch
b) Cherry
c) Elm
d) Mahogany
e) Maple
f) Oak
g) Pecan
h) Poplar
i) Walnut
j) Willow
83
Engineered wood
a range of derivative wood products, which are manufactured by binding together wood strands, particles, fibers, or veneers, with adhesives to form composite materials. Sometimes referred to as composite wood or manufactured wood products
84
Laminates
made by uniting superimposed layers of different materials
85
Wood veneers
created by gluing a thin layer of superior value or excellent grain to an inferior wood
86
Corrugated fiberboard
corrugated container: a container used to hold a dead human body which is constructed out of a type of cardboard, which is made of alternate folds and ridges
87
Composition board
(fiberboard, particle board, hardboard, pressed board): particles of wood bonded together with waterproof glue; the different types are distinguished by the size and shape of the particles of wood used
88
Gauge
a measurement of the thickness of metals; the number of sheets of metal necessary to equal approximately one inch of thickness
16 gauge= 1/16 of an inch
20 gauge= 1/20 of an inch
89
Stainless steel
a metal alloy of steel, chromium, and sometimes nickel which is used in casket construction; noted for its ability to resist rust; SST
90
Shell
the component parts of the casket comprised of the cap (lid) and body of the casket
91
Cap/lid
the topmost part of the casket shell, including the ogee, crown, pie, and header
92
Rim/ogee
an “S” shaped molding that is a component part of the casket cap
93
Head panel
a component part of the casket interior which is inside the head portion of the cap; no distinction is made between the head panel and foot panel in full couch caskets
94
Foot panel
a component part of the casket interior which is inside the foot portion of the cap; no distinction is made between the head panel and foot panel in full couch caskets
95
Crown/swell
the uppermost part of the cap, extending from rim to rim; everything above the rim
96
Pie/fishtail
the wedge-shaped portion of the cap (lid) at each end of the crown
97
Header/bridge/cap filler
component part of cap that is constructed into caskets that display a cut top; provides strength/rigidity at the point of the transverse cut
98
Rim flange/ogee flange
the turned under edge or horizontal portion of the casket rim which comes into contact with the gasket or body ledge flange (top body molding flange)
99
Gasket channel
found on cut top gasketed caskets; is an integral part of the foot panel header on gasketed caskets; the function is to hold the transverse gasket to seal the space between the head and foot caps
100
Header flange
the turned under edge or horizontal portion of the header of the casket cap
101
Body
that portion of the casket shell containing the top body molding, body panels, base molding, and casket bottom
102
Top body molding/body ledge
a molding along the uppermost edge of the body panels
103
Body panels
compose the sides and ends of the casket shell
104
Base molding
molding along the lowermost edge of the body panels
105
Top body molding flange/body ledge flange
the horizontal portion of the top body molding (body ledge) where the gasket is placed on gasketed caskets
106
Hardware
the handles, ornamental fixtures, and their fittings, that are attached to the casket shell
107
Swing bar
a movable casket handle with a hinged arm
108
Stationary bar
a non-movable casket handle
109
Bail handle
a single handle in which the lug, arm, and bar are combined in one unit
110
Lug/ear/shield/escutcheon
the part of the casket handle that is attached to the casket body
111
Arm/bracket
that part of the casket handle, attached to the lug or arm, which is grasped by the casketbearer
112
Bar
that part of the casket handle, attached to the lug or arm, which is grasped by the casketbearer
113
Tip/end
the decorative or ornamental part of the casket handle that covers the exposed ends of the bar
114
Corner
an optional part of the hardware that is attached to the four corners of the body panels
115
Cast hardware
he most expensive hardware production method in which molten metal is poured into a mold, allowed to cool, and is then removed from the mold
116
Stamped hardware
a hardware production method of lesser expense (compared to cast hardware) whereby the casket hardware sections are pressed out on a hydraulic press
117
Plastic extrusion molding hardware
a method of molding plastic (forming items) by injecting molten plastic into a die
118
Cap panel
the focal part of the interior which fills the inside of the crown, sometimes bordered by the roll; may be referred to as the panel
119
Inner panel(s)/insert foot panel
functional or ornamental covering that usually covers the foot end of the casket in the full couch casket; may be located at both the head and foot of the full couch casket
120
Roll/cove/puffing/rail
a component part of the casket interior which lines the rim and surrounds the cap panel
121
Gimp/fold
a strip of metal, plastic, or cloth that is attached to the inside of the panel, covering the area at which point the roll is anchored
122
Throw/overthrow/overlay
the aesthetic covering for the foot cap or inner foot panel of the casket
123
Apron/skirt
the lining attached to the undersurface of the foot panel of the casket and/or a component part of the throw which extends downward into the body of the casket
124
Extendover/drop/valance
the portion of the casket interior which extends over the top body molding for aesthetic value
125
Hinge cover/hinge skirt
that portion of the casket interior covering the hinges that attach the casket cap to the casket body; usually extends from the roll and becomes a part of the body lining
126
Shirred interior
a style of casket interior in which the material is drawn or gathered in parallel fashion in a multiple needle head sewing process
127
Crushed interior
a form of casket interior created by placing the lining material on a metal form, weights added, the material steamed, and then attached to a suitable upholstery (backing) material
128
Tufted interior
a style of casket interior created by placing a padding material between a lining material and a backing material, with subsequent stitches taken, forming small raised puffs; carriage tufting and biscuit tufting are the two most common types used in caskets
129
Tailored interior
a tightly drawn form of casket interior style
130
Semi-tailored interior
a specialty head panels of a tailored interior with one or more other styles of interior, for effect
131
Crepe
a lining material thin crinkled cloth of silk, rayon, cotton, or wool
132
Satin
a fabric woven to create a smooth lustrous face and dull back
133
Velvet
a fabric of silk, cotton, and possibly rayon, with a nap; typically found in higher quality caskets
134
Linen
a fabric made from flax; noted for its strength, coolness, and luster
135
Linen weave
a fabric woven to look like linen used as casket lining material
136
Twill weave
a textile weave in which threads are crossed over one another to give an appearance of diagonal lines
137
Padding materials
Cotton
b) Kapok
c) Polyethylene foam
d) Shredded paper
e) Spun polyester or spun rayon
f) Excelsior/wood wool - wood that has been shredded into spaghetti-like strings
138
Polished finish/gloss finish
a surface made smooth and glossy usually by friction; brought to a highly developed, finished, or refined state; burnished
139
Semi-gloss finish
a low-luster finish
140
Matte finish/flat finish
a finish used on casket exteriors that is free of gloss; dull lusterless surface; no shine or gloss
141
Satin finish
a type of semi-luster or semi-gloss finish that is smooth with well-defined fine lines or striations (has less luster than semi-gloss)
142
Broadcloth
a twilled, napped, woolen, or worsted fabric with a smooth lustrous face and dense texture; a fabric usually made of cotton, silk, or rayon, woven in a plain or rib weave with a soft semi-gloss finish
143
Embossed
ornament with raised work; to raise relief from the surface; material having designs raised above the surface; frequently seen on cloth covered caskets
144
Brushed finish/scratched finish
bare metal is scratched with an abrasive material and then finished until a smooth high gloss is obtained. found mainly in stainless steel, copper, and bronze caskets
145
Plated finish
the finish created when base metal is coated by another metal via an electrolytic process; often found on casket hardware; in casket construction is identified by the term “deposit”, as in “copper deposit”
146
Crinkled finish
an exterior casket finish in which the metal is coated with a substance that wrinkles as it dries; usually used on less expensive caskets
147
Hammertone finish
a sprayed finish that has the appearance of small indentations in the metal (as if struck by a ballpeen hammer); the indentations are in the paint and appear as the paint dries; usually found on inexpensive caskets
148
Perfection full couch
a casket in which the rim, crown, and pies are formed as one unit and which raises (opens) as one piece
149
Perfection half couch
a casket in which the rim, crown, and pies are formed as one unit with a transverse cut in the cap, forming a two piece lid for the casket
150
Single hinged panel/single hinged cap
a casket in which the cap is in two pieces, the rim and foot panel is one piece which is hinged to the top body molding and the head panel being the second piece which is hinged to the rim
151
Slip panel/slip top/priest casket
a casket opening style in which the cap or lid at the head end of the casket is completely removed from the casket for the purpose of viewing; the remains may be viewed from either side of the casket
152
Elliptic
a casket having ends in the shape of a half circle
153
Octagon
a casket having eight angles or corners and therefore eight sides or body panels
154
Flaring side square
a casket shell design in which the sides and ends of the casket body flare out from the bottom to the top; a casket shell design that is narrower and shorter at the bottom than at the opening of the top
155
Vertical side
a casket body style with the body sides at a 90 degree angle to the bottom
156
State casket/vertical side square
a casket in which the body panels are at a 90 degree angle to the bottom and the corners form 90 degree angles; also called a vertical side square
157
Urnside
a casket design in which the body panels display the shape of an urn
158
Hermetically sealed
airtight; impervious to external influence; completely sealed by fusion or soldering
159
Casket liner or insert
a removable metal unit that is placed inside a wooden casket shell to provide protective qualities
160
Wood interior dimensions
75" x 22" inches on average, height 16-22 inches
161
Metal interior dimensions
78" x 23" inches on average, height 16-24 inches
162
infant caskets
Dimensions vary - beginning at about 18 inches or 2 feet and continue in length typically to about 5 feet
163
outer burial container
any container which is designed for placement in the grave around the casket including, but not limited to, containers commonly known as burial vaults, grave boxes, and grave liners
164
burial vaults
an outer enclosure which offers protection from the earth load as well as possessing sealing qualities or other protective qualities
purpose- support the load of the earth, limit intrusion of outside elements
165
Copper
a malleable, ductile, metallic element having a characteristic reddish brown color; frequently used in construction of caskets, urns, and vaults, due to its non-corrosive qualities
166
Bronze
a metal alloy consisting of 90% copper with tin and sometimes zinc comprising the other 10%
167
what is coated outside of the vault
asphalt
168
Dome (diving bell principle)
the top of an air seal burial vault which entraps air as it is put in position; it also supports the weight of the earth above
169
Galvanized
steel that has been coated with zinc for increased resistance to rust
170
Air seal (dome shaped)
a method of closure that utilizes the air pressure created by placing the dome of the vault onto the base of the vault; often called the diving bell principle
171
Top seal
a method of closure that utilizes an epoxy compound in conjunction with tongue-in-groove construction at the top edge and the lid of the vault
172
Double seal (dome shaped)
a method of closure that utilizes the principle of the air seal in conjunction with an epoxy material at the junction of the dome and the base of the vault
173
vault measurements
Standard size is typically 86" x 30" and 24 1/4" center height
174
Grave liners
an outer enclosure which offers protection from the earth load but without protection from the elements
175
Grave box/concrete box
an outer enclosure consisting of a body and a one or two piece lid
176
Sectional/concrete sectional
a grave liner consisting of six or eight slabs of unfinished concrete placed around the casket
177
Transfer container
an outer enclosure utilized for the protection of casketed remains during transportation
178
Air tray
a transfer container consisting of a wooden tray with a cardboard covering for the casket
179
Ziegler case/metal case
a gasketed container which can be used as an insert into a casket or as a separate shipping container; represents a specific brand of metal case, but in use have become synonymous terms
180
Combination case
a transfer container consisting of a particle board box with a cardboard tray and cover to satisfy air shipping regulations; frequently referred to simply as a combo
181
Alternative container
an unfinished wood box or other non-metal receptacle or enclosure without ornamentation or a fixed interior lining, which is designed for the encasement of human remains and which is made of fiberboard, pressed-wood, composition materials (with or without an outside covering), or like materials
182
Combination unit
any product consisting of a unit or a series of units which are designed or intended to be used together as both a casket and as a permanent burial receptacle
183
Monument
a structure usually of stone or metal, erected to commemorate the life, deeds, or career of a deceased person; derived from the Latin word meaning “to remind”
184
Marker
a small headstone, usually of one piece, used to identify individual graves
185
Memorial
a physical object that is designed for the purpose of remembering
186
Epitaph
an inscription placed on a monument to commemorate the deeds or qualities of the departed; a commemorative inscription on a tomb or cemetery marker
187
Cenotaph
a monument erected to the memory of the dead, with the dead human body not present
188
Flush marker
a small headstone which is set with its top even with the surrounding terrain
189
Bevel top marker
a small headstone, set above ground, with a slightly slanting top
190
Slant marker
a cemetery marker that has a face that has an angle greater than 45 degrees but less than 90 degrees in relationship to the terrain
191
Bench
a type of cemetery memorial consisting of a top piece supported by two standards; used to identify family burial plots or used in conjunction with a family monument
192
Vertical tablet
a type of cemetery monument in which the die is taller than it is wide
193
Horizontal tablet
a type of cemetery monument in which the die is wider than it is tall
194
Mausoleum
a building containing crypts or vaults for entombment; an above ground structure for burial; an above ground structure or building containing crypts or vaults for entombment of caskets, which may also include niches for cremated remains.
Crypt and niche
Public or private
195
Columbarium
a structure, room, or space in a mausoleum or other building containing niches or recesses used to hold cremated remains
1) Niche only
2) Public or private
196
Ossuary
receptacle for communal placement of cremated remains
197
Crypt
a chamber in a mausoleum, of sufficient size, generally used to contain the casketed remains of a deceased person
198
Cemetery
an area of ground set aside and dedicated for the final disposition of dead human bodies or cremated remains
199
Memorial park
a cemetery, or section of a cemetery, with only flush to the ground type markers
200
Section
the largest subdivision of a cemetery containing several blocks
201
cemetery Block
a subdivision of a cemetery containing several lots
202
Lot
a subdivision in a cemetery which consists of several graves or interment spaces
203
Lawncrypt
grave space where two or more persons may be buried in grave liners which have been stacked one on top of the other, with the first person who dies being buried in the deepest grave liner with subsequent burials on top
204
Scattering garden
a section in a cemetery set aside for the scattering of the ashes of cremated human remains
205
Revocable contract
a contract which may be terminated by the purchaser at any time prior to the death of the beneficiary with a refund of the monies paid on the contract as prescribed by state law
206
Irrevocable contract
contract for future funeral services which cannot be terminated or canceled prior to the death of the beneficiary
207
Guaranteed contract
one where the funeral home guarantees that the services and merchandise will be provided at the time of need for an amount not exceeding the original amount of the contract plus any accruals, regardless of the cost of providing the services and merchandise at the time of the funeral
208
Nonguaranteed contract
one in which the funeral home only agrees that the amount prepaid plus any accruals will be credited to the balance due. However, the price of the funeral will be whatever the current price is for the services and merchandise at the time the death occurs
209
Pre-funded funeral arrangements
funeral arrangements made in advance of need that include provisions for funding or prepayment
210
Pre-planned funeral arrangements
funeral arrangements made in advance of need that do not include provisions for funding or prepayment
211
Doeskin/moleskin, wool, or felt
a heavy durable cotton fabric with a short (1/8 inch or less), thick, velvety nap on one side; woven cloth with a suede-like appearance with a nap of less than 1/8 inch
212
Plush/high pile
a woven cloth with a nap exceeding 1/8 inch
213
Vault dimensions
Measurements are stated according to inside dimensions
214
Grave
an excavation in the earth as a place for interment; interment space
215
Green burial
a natural, eco-friendly approach to death care that utilizes products, services, and merchandise, that are free of toxic/hazardous materials, are biodegradable, or that minimize the use of energy
216
First call
the request, usually made by a surviving family member, for a funeral home to transfer a deceased from the place of death to the funeral home and for the funeral home to carry out the wishes of the next of kin regarding funeral service and disposition.
217
salutation
```
the person answering the phone should give
name of the funeral home
his/her name
may I help you
avoid using good morning
```
218
tone of voice
sympathetic yet professional,
219
speed of questions and pronunciation
speed of funeral director should be slightly slower then normal telephone conversation
220
diction
the voice should be clear and crisp
221
volume
should not be loud that is offensive or disturbing to be the caller, yet it should not to be quiet or soft
222
phone image
you want the caller to feel secure and comfort. trust starts with the image you project during the phone call
223
transfer/ removal of remains
the transfer of the deceased from the place of death to the funeral home
224
non-traditional
religious orientated but follows a more modern interpretation, including favorite music, poems, and readings
225
memorial service
a service without the body present usually held days or weeks after the disposition
226
humanistic service
a service devoid of religion
227
death notice
a classification notice publicizing the death of a person, listing survivors and giving those details of the funeral service that the survivors wish to have published. usually a charge for this announcement
228
obituary
an announcement of death that has a biographical sketch of the person's, listing occupations, organizations, and notable information, sometimes with a photograph. there is not usually a charge.
229
visitation/wake/calling hours
a scheduled time when the deceased is presented for viewing in a casket so that family and friends may come together in an environment of mutual support to pay their last respects to the deceased.
230
funeral
the rites held at the time of disposition of the human remains
231
Aftercare (Post funeral follow up)
offering services, literature, or emotional support to the bereaved after the funeral is over; as a means to help them adjust to their loss
Those appropriate and helpful acts of the counseling that come after the funeral
232
information oriented services
this can include sending family grief- oriented literature one or more times after the funeral. this includes cards, letter, brochures, books, a directory of local grief support or agencies, or newsletters.
233
direct care services
having a grief counselor on staff or retainer, sponsoring a support groups, sponsoring grief related seminars or workshops, special ceremonies during holidays, or a personal visit to the family's home by a funeral home staff members
234
Pre-need Pros
extends family loyalty, deters rising rate of cremation, provides some element of control over the inevitable cremation trend, improves overall community awareness, improves at-need business though increased community awareness, broadens scope of services and overall family satisfaction, survivors are likely to also pre-arrange
235
Pre-need Cons
requires full scale marketing and support, shortfalls may undermine profit, trusts magnify shortfall potential
236
steel
a metal alloy consisting of iron and carbon; used in caskets it is low in carbon which keeps it soft and malleable; commercial steel contains carbon in an amount up to 1.7% as an essential alloy constituent
237
copper deposit
a casket made from a core of copper metal to which copper ions are deposited by an electrolytic process, this process forms a seamless unit.
238
wrought copper
copper metal rolled into sheets
239
cast bronze
molten bronze poured into mold and allowed to cool
240
polymer
a compound similar to plastic
241
cast
molten metal is poured into mold forming a seamless unit
242
stamped
sheets of metal are pressed by a hydraulic pump in designed forms. the component parts are welded together
243
bed
the portion of the casket upon which the deceased human remains are placed
Adjustable- has springs that can be raised or lowered
Stationary- is not able to be raised or lowered
244
mattress cover
interior cloth or material which covers the mattress or bedding of the casket
245
body lining
material that drapes the inside perimeter of the body casket
246
pillow
a cloth bag filled with soft material used to support the head of the deceased
247
blanket
a piece of fabric used to cover the body of a deceased, especially the lower legs and feet when displayed in a full open casket
248
specialty head panels
a unique design is created in the head panel
249
combination
more than one style used in the interior
250
fiberboard
cardboard
251
masselin
pressed paper in sheet form; used in casket construction as a backing (upholster material)
252
plastic
a synthetic or natural organic material shaped when soft and then harden
253
first notable embalming, by Holmes
colonel ellsworth
254
unfinished
has no stain or protected varnish
255
Joel Crandall
Restorative art
256
natural finish
may be stained or unstained with an outer protected coating of varnish or polyurethane
257
Ecclesiastical Law
by the virginia colony
258
church sexton
unlike english sextons, american sextons expanded their role and started offering other services.
259
stained
a color stain is applied
260
unstained
has no stain, but may be covered with protective varnish
261
FTC
adopted rules concerning the necessity for embalming and securing of consent.
262
painted
the application of paint, single or multicolored
263
cloth covered
wood is covered with cloth
264
the percentage of notifications of death made to funeral homes by telephone is....
98%
265
casket retailers
are not regulated by the cemetery and funeral bureau, according to the consumer guide to funeral and cemetery purchases
266
smooth
material has no raised surfaces
267
station wagon
a common vehicle used to make the transfer of remains according to Klicker.
268
sprayed
paint is sprayed on the casket
269
who pays $300 when a veteran dies in a VA facility
the veteran administration.
270
gloss
high shine
271
fiberglass
a material consisting of extremely fine filaments of glass embedded in various resins
272
how many disclosures are required of the general price list.
6
273
the social security death benefit is...
$255
274
wood grain
simulates the appearance of wood
275
polished, gloss
shined of high luster
276
another word for vigil is....
rosary
277
round corner
curved corner formed by the addition of a rounded corner piece that has been stamped or milled during the manufacturing process. the corner is welded into position
278
memorial society
an organization that provides information about funerals and disposition but is not part of the state regulated funeral industry.
279
squared corner
the sides and ends are joined at a 90 degree angle, sometimes called the mitered corner, it is less expensive than the round corner because it requires fewer components pieces and fewer hours of labor
280
vaults outside dimensions
average 84x29 inches
281
in a POD account, who is the beneficiary
the funeral home
282
irrevocable contract
a contract for future funeral services which cannot be terminated or canceled prior to the death of the beneficiary
283
a trisagion is part of the funeral rite in the....
Easter Orthodox faith
284
Non-guaranteed contract is....
one in which the funeral home only agrees that the amount prepaid plus any accruals will be credited to the balance due.
285
Messelin is....
pressed paper in a sheet form
286
gasketed
a flat rubber material is located along the top body molding flange of the casket shell. another gasket is located between the lids in the perfection half-couch style
287
the technology for metal finishing comes from the _____ industry.
auto
288
gasket
a single molded piece of rubber
289
hinges
connect the cap to the body
290
locking mechanism
locks the cap to the body
291
latch closure
a simple latch secures the cap to the body after closure
292
threaded fasteners
a threaded screw- type fastener used on a hinged cap-style casket
293
chemical compounds
epoxy and other cements are used. for sealing the cap and body on some infant caskets, butyl tape is used
294
Canvas
a firm, closely woven cotton fabric.
295
Adult wood casket
75"L x 22"W
| 16"-22"H
296
Adult metal casket
78"L x 23"
| 16"-24"H
297
wood and metal Exteriors
84"L x 29"W
298
vault inside dimensions
average 30x86 inches
299
urn vault
metal or concrete vaults for urns
300
wood box
a transfer container made entirely of wood
301
unfinished wood box
an unornamented casket made of wood which does not have a fixed interior lining
302
urn
a container for cremated remains; a vase with a foot or pedestal
303
sundry items
the various miscellaneous items provided or used to complement the services of a funeral director
register book, prayer cards, religious, fraternal, military symbols , thank you cards, clothing, other cremation containers, flower
304
merchandise
goods that are bought and sold
305
merchandising
the purchase, display, and sales of goods
306
cash discount
a reduction of the price given for a payment of an account within the time limits established by the sales contract
307
quantity discount
reduction in the amount of a bill when a minimum quantity of merchandise has been ordered
308
rebate
a return of a portion of a payment
309
consignment
the funeral director does not have to pay for the merchandise that will be displayed unit it is sold
310
inventory
those goods or stock of goods which are held for resale
311
inventory turnover
the number of times the average inventory has been sold or used up during a period
312
economic order quantity (EOQ)
the quantity to be purchased which minimizes total costs
313
fractional display room
features selections of a casket such as 1/4 or 1/8 panels or end sections, on a wall displayed. may also have a limited number of full caskets displayed.
314
traditional display room
features a selection of full size caskets
315
foot candles
90 to 100 foot candles of illumination measured at approximate pillow height on a displayed casket is optimum
316
foot candle
is the amount of illumination produced by a source of one candle at a distance of on foot. spotlight should be used to show off better caskets.
317
fluorescent lighting
the illumination produced by a tubular electric discharged lamp; the fluorescent of phosphors coating the inside of a tube
318
incandescent lighting
the illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament
319
direct lighting
illumination directly shining on an object
320
indirect lighting
reflected illumination of an object
321
casket rack
a device upon which two or three caskets are placed, one on top of the other for display
322
casket stand (casket standard)
the stand or support upon which a casket rests in the selection room
323
sturdy
to be able to support weight and movement of casket. it should give the appearance of strength
324
attractive
clean, dust free, with no stretchers, dents, or broken parts
325
church truck
a wheeled collapsible support for the casket, used in the funeral home, church, or other location when moving a casket
326
number of caskets display room
12 is the minimum, 30 is the maximum number with 40 to 60 square feet allotted per casket
327
alternate pricing
each group would have a low, medium, and high cost casket
328
appearance
caskets can be open or closed. if the casket is closed and the family request to see the interior, the funeral director opens the casket or may open selected caskets as part of the presentation
329
style
A half couch caskets may be is one area and full couch casket in another, or they may be mixed. in many parts of the county funeral homes will only show one style, usually half-couch caskets
330
traffic flow
the casket display is usually arranged in such a way that the family moves though the room in a manner that makes
331
direct selection room procedure
presenting caskets whereby the funeral director remains in the selection room throughout the entire selection process
332
indirect selection room procedure
the method of selling caskets whereby the funeral director does not stay in the selection process, but instead leaves after his introductory presentation
333
consumer value index (CVI)
the percentage derived by dividing the wholesale amount of the merchandising by the retail price of the merchandise
334
Gross casket profit (margin)
retail price- wholesale cost = margin
335
merchandise value ratio (MVR)
the relation between the wholesale cost of the merchandise and the total cost of both services and merchandise to the consumer
336
fixed multiple or times factor
a price determination method whereby the mark-up is multiplied by a constant factor. the same mark up is applied to all casket
337
graduated recovery
a pricing method where the mark up varies. higher priced caskets are given a higher mark up
338
declining price structure
a pricing method where there is an inverse relationship between the markup and the price of the casket. higher priced casket given a lower mark up
339
modified declining price
similar to declining method except the lowest priced casket is less expensive
340
average (mean)
the sum of a group of numbers divided by the number of units
341
median
a value in an ordered set of values which represents the midpoint, whereby there are an equal number of values above and below the midpoint value
342
mode
the number that appears most frequently in a listing of numbers
343
quartile
a division of the total into four intervals, each one representing one-fourth of the total
344
range
the caskets second in the 2nd and 3rd quartile
345
balanced line
having the correct number of caskets in each pricing quartiles.
346
sale frequency
the number of the times sale in a given price bracket occur over a fixed period of time
347
sales frequency chart
a chart on which all sales are listed showing the number of sales in any sales bracket
348
itemization
a method pricing by which each unit of service and merchandising is priced separately
349
unit pricing
a method a price quotation which creates one total price packaging for both services and merchandising
350
bi-unit pricing
a method of price quotation showing separately the price of the service and the price of the casket
351
functional pricing
a method of price quotation by which the charges are broken down into several component part, such as professional service, facilities, automobile, and merchandise
352
package pricing
a method of pricing where certain items of service and merchandise are grouped together and sold at a specific price
353
mark up
difference between merchandise cost and selling price "gross margin'
354
mark down
reduction of selling price
355
upright marker/ monument
this is the most common form of memorialization used today. this consist of 2 pieces. the top piece is much larger and is called a "tablet" or die. the bottom piece is known as base
356
die (tablet)
the main part of the monument, the upright portion above the base where the inscription is located
357
flat marker
these lay flush with the ground. they are generally 24" x 14" but can be larger or smaller depending upon cemetery requirement
358
bronze marker
a flat marker cast out of bronze. these are either mounted to a granite or cement base that serves as a foundation
359
acknowledgement cards
Cards of thanks and recognition sent to friends for kindness shown to a deceased’s family
360
adaptive funeral rite
A funeral rite that is adjusted to the needs and wants of those directly involved; one which has been altered to suit the trends of the times
361
Anubis
Egyptian god of embalming said to be of human form with the head of a jackal
362
Arrangement conference
The meeting between the funeral director and the client family during which funeral arrangements are discussed
363
at need counseling
A death has occurred and the funeral director is counseling the family as they select the services and items of merchandise in completing arrangements for the funeral service of their choice
364
Burial in Woolen Act of 1666
Required that woolen cloth be substituted for linen in the shroud and lining of the coffin; was an attempt to shift the use of imported linen to the expanding paper industry of England and provide customers for the wool industry; heavy fines were assessed for violation; not repealed until 1814
365
Burial transit permit (Disposition permit)
A legal document, issued by a governmental agency, authorizing transportation and/or disposition of a dead human body
366
calling hours
see visitation/ visiting hours
367
Canopic jars
Jars made of alabaster, limestone, basalt, clay and other materials used by early Egyptians to store viscera of the deceased
368
Canopy (Cemetery tent)
A portable shelter employed to cover the grave area during the committal service
369
cash advance
Any item of service or merchandise described to a purchaser as a “cash advance,” “accommodation,” “cash disbursement,” or similar term; A cash advance item is also any item obtained from a third party and paid for by the funeral provider pm tyjr [purchaser’s behalf; Cash advance items may include, but are not limited to: cemetery or crematory services; pallbearers; public transportation; clergy honorarium; musicians or singers; nurses; obituary notices; gratuities and death certificates
370
Casket bearers (pallbearers)
One who actively bears or carries the casket during the funeral service and at the committal service
371
Catacombs
Originated in ancient Rome as excavated cemeteries cut out of soft rock for tombs of wealthy Christina; later became a place for religious rites to avoid persecution
372
Catafalque
Raised platform (with or without a canopy) used for a body to lie in state
373
Certified copy of a death certificate (CC’s)
A legal copy of the original death certificate
374
chapel
A building or designated area of a building in which religious services are conducted
375
Circle of Necessity
Ancient Egyptian belief that the soul of the deceased would make a 3,000 year journey and return to the body; once reunited the whole man would live with the gods; this belief created the need for embalming
376
Committal service
That portion of the funeral service which is conducted at the place of disposition of dead human bodies
377
Common carrier
Any carrier required by law to convey passengers or freight without refusal if the approved fare or charge is paid (airline, train, etc.); A carrier that holds out its facilities to serve the general public for compensation without discrimination
378
Common Law
Customs, which have become recognized by the courts as binding on the community
379
Contemporary funeral rite
Funeral observances that reflect present day (modern) influences in lieu of (or in addition to or as a part of) the traditional ceremonies
380
Coroner
A public officer whose chief duty is to investigate questionable deaths (also see medical examiner)
381
Cortege
See Funeral procession; an archaic term
382
transfer Cot
A portable stretcher commonly employed in an ambulance or transfer vehicle for the moving of the sick, injured or deceased
383
Cremated human remains
any portion of the dead human body left over after the process of cremation; the result of the reduction of the dead body to inorganic bone fragments by intense heat
384
Cremation
The reduction of a dead human body to inorganic bone fragment by intense heat in a specifically designed retort or chamber; method of disposing of a dead human body via fire; first attributed to the ancient Greeks
385
Crematory (Crematorium)
A furnace or retort for cremating dead human bodies; a building that houses a retort
386
Crier
English custom of Middle Ages which lasted until the 19th Century; a person who walked the street calling out the name of the deceased and asking people to pray for the soul of the departed
387
Death certificate
a legal document containing vital statistics, disposition and final medical information pertaining to the deceased
388
Death notice
Usually a classified notice publicizing the death of a person and giving those details of the funeral service that the survivors with to have published
389
Doctrine
a specific belief of a church
390
Ecclesiastic
Pertaining to the church or clergy
391
Effigy
A life sized, waxen recreation (dummy) of the deceased; often used at state funerals because the body of the deceased should be present at the funeral, but could not be preserved for that length of time
392
Elegy
Song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation for the dead
393
Entombment
The placing of the remains in a crypt in a mausoleum
394
Epistle
The right side of the church (as the congregation faces the altar) from which reading and prayers are often proclaimed
395
Escort
To accompany, as a leader of the procession or guardian of the group; military personnel assigned to accompany a body following an active duty death
396
Eulogy
An oration praising an individual, usually after death
397
Forwarding remains
One of the categories required to be itemized on the GPL (if the funeral provider offers the service); This involves services of the funeral provider in the locale where the death occurs and preparation for transfer to another funeral provider as selected by the family (consumer); FTC Funeral Rule requires packaging pricing of this service with a description of the components included
398
Fraternal
Relating to a social organization
399
Funeralis
Latin for torchlight procession; word ‘funeral’ is derived from this
400
Funeral feast
In Middle Ages the wake also served as a feast to welcome the principal heir to his new estate; for the ancient Greeks, funeral feast ended the fast of the bereaved
401
Funeral Service
The rites held at the time of disposition of human remains, with the body present
402
Funeral arrangements
The term applied to the completing of the service and financial details of the funeral
403
Funeral Procession
The procession of vehicles from the place of the funeral service to the place of disposition
404
Grave straps
Webbing or similar material used for lowering the casket into the grave
405
Honorarium
A nominal compensation or recognition for services performed
406
Honorary casket bearers (honorary pallbearers)
Friends of the family or members of an organization or group who act as an escort or honor guard for the deceased; they do not carry the casket
407
Humanistic funeral
A funeral rite that is in essence devoid of religious connotation
408
Informant
One who supplies the vital statistics information concerning the deceased
409
Integrity
Fidelity to moral principles
410
Inter (inhume)
to bury in the ground
411
Interment (burial, inhumement)
The act of placing the dead human body in the ground
412
Inurnment
The act of placing cremated remains in an urn; the act of placing cremated remains in a niche or grave
413
Kin
One’s relative; referring to blood relationship (Legally, the surviving spouse is not kin)
414
League of Prayers
Formed in Middle Ages by lay persons to bury the dead and to pray for the soul of the faithful departed
415
lowering device
A mechanical device used to lower a casket into the ground
416
Mass card
A document indicating the offering of a Mass for a specific intention
417
Medical Examiner
A forensically trained physician whose duty it is to investigate questionable or unattended deaths (has replaced the coroner in some states)
418
Memorial folders (Service folders)
A pamphlet made available at the funeral service giving details about the deceased and the funeral arrangements
419
Memorial gathering
A scheduled assembly of family and friends following a death
420
memorial park
A cemetery, or section of a cemetery, with only flush to the ground type of markers
421
Mound burial
Ancient Viking custom; after deceased was placed in his boat with items necessary for the spirit to maintain the position held on earth, all was cremated and the pyre then covered with earth
422
Mystery cults
religious/philosophical belief of the ancient Greeks and Oriental East emphasizing spiritual aspects of the afterlife and the hope of joining the cult god in a wonderful existence in eternity
423
Necropolis
City of the dead; in Egypt these walled cities located just outside of the city proper contained places of burial, mortuary temples and residences of mortuary workers (Fredrick and Sturb)
424
niche
A recess or space in a columbarium used for the permanent placing of cremated remains
425
Obesquies
Funeral rites or burial ceremonies
426
Officiant
One who conducts a religious service or ceremony
427
Pagan
One who has little or no religion and who delights in sensual pleasures and material goods; heathen; an irreligious or hedonistic person; in ancient Rome, a follower of a polytheistic religion
428
Perpetual care
An arrangement made by the cemetery whereby funds are set aside, the income from which is used to maintain the cemetery indefinitely
429
Prayer card
A card with the name of the decedent and a prayer or verse, which may or may not include the dates of birth and death
430
Private carrier
Those who transport only in particular instances and only for those they chose to contract with (funeral home vehicles and livery)
431
Procession/Processional
The movement, in an orderly fashion, at the beginning of a service
432
Professional mourners
due to fear that the dead might be jealous, the ancient Romans and Greeks hired persons (often women) to shriek, tear their hair and rend garments, etc. in order to insure adequate display of emotion
433
Protestant
A member of any one of the Christian churches formed as a result of the Reformation (1517), marking a break from the Roman Catholic Church
434
Purgatorial Doctrine
In the Roman Catholic faith, belief that those whose souls are not perfectly cleansed undergo a process of cleaning before they can enter heaven
435
Receiving remains
One of the categories required to be itemized on the GPL (If the funeral provider offers the services); this involves services of the funeral provider after initial service have been provided by another firm at the locale of death; FTC Funeral Rule requires package pricing of this service with the description of the components included
436
Receiving vault
A structure so designed for the temporary storage of bodies which are not to be immediately interred
437
Register book (Memorial book)
A book signed by those attending a visitation or service
438
Retort
The burning chamber in a crematory
439
Rite
A ceremonial or formal, solemn act, observance or procedure in accordance with prescribed rule or custom, as in religious use
440
Sarcophagus
Early Egyptians cut massive coffins from a single mass of stone to protect from grave robbers; same term is applied today to massive copper and bronze caskets; derivation of term is from Greek “sarco” for flesh and “phagus” for eaters because when opened, bodies inside were found to be in a state of decay
441
soul shot
mortuary fee paid to insure entrance of the decedent’s soul in to heaven
442
Speaker
One who gives a talk during a church meeting, funeral service, or any other gathering; in a funeral, it may be a family member, friend or church official
443
Third party contracts
Contracts entered into by two parties for the benefit of another
444
tomb
A general term designated those places suitable for the reception of a dead human body
445
Transfer of remains (removal, first call)
The moving of the dead human body from the place of death to the funeral home or other designated place
446
Transfer vehicle (First call car)
The automobile generally used for transporting the uncasketed dead human body form the place of death to the funeral home
447
Trust account
Account established by one individual to be held for the benefit of another; creates a fiduciary responsibility; as a method of payment of funeral expenses; money paid to a funeral hoe for future services is placed in an account with the funeral home as trustee for the benefit of another
448
Vital statistics
The collection, tabulation and interpretation of data concerning birth, marriage, divorce, sickness and death
449
wake
Historically, a watch kept over the deceased; an all night vigil; originated as an ancient Hebrew practice, family and friends sit with the deceased as a precaution against premature burial; continued as an act of piety in Middle ages (aka vigil for the dead)
450
Praeco (crier)
a special functionary who summoned the participants to a public funeral
451
Hebrew burial
the body was then dressed in the best attire, it was believed that the dead would be recognized by their garments, hence, they were buried in everyday clothing of best quality
452
first rite
occurred just before death occurred. or the last rites
453
Steward of the Guild
Made funeral arrangements including the Requiem Mass
provided burial with solemnity
payment of the sole shot
liberal distributions of alms at the graveside, usually bread
454
Guild of the Holy Souls
their death watch was nobility
| provided soul-shot for their own group
455
Mondino di'luzzi
the first serious Anatomist of the middle ages, who served as a professor at University of Bologna. that practice on two Cadavers.
456
Fredrick II
decreed it lawful for each anatomist to dissect one human remain at least once in every ten years
457
Michael Makeland
He is the first person to take positive action to BREAK THE LAW of embalming legally assigned to medical and surgical practitioners
458
upholder (upholster)
the original meaning of which was a dealer and repairer of old furniture
459
Edwin Chadwick
Sanitary conditions for the laboring population of great Britain (recorded death certificates)
460
Colonial funerals
ministers used funerals for their most inspired "fire and brimstone" sermons
sermons were often printed on the broadsides
461
Fisk Metallic Coffin
Airtight
Cast metal
prevented decay
462
Also Rans
terra cotta
class coffins
wicker/basket
cruciform casket
463
cooling board
became embalming table
