Orientation - Photosynthesis + Types of plants Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
A process by which plants use energy from the sunlight trapped by chlorophyll to build carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water
What is the formula of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water
→ light & chlorophyll→
glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O
→ light & chlorophyll→
C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is light dependent stage?
The first stage of photosynthesis where light energy is trapped by chlorophyll
What is light independent stage?
The second stage of photosynthesis, in which glucose is produced
What are the key events that happen during LD?
-Can only proceed in the presence of light.
-The function is to transform sunlight energy that is captured by chlorophyll into the chemical energy of loaded coenzymes.
Extra info:
* The capture of the radiant energy of sunlight by chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoids
* The absorption of this energy by electrons in the chlorophyll to
become high-energy or ‘excited’ electrons
* The splitting of water molecules, that produces electrons, hydrogen
ions (H+) (also known as protons) and oxygen
* The passage of high-energy of electrons down a chain of electron
acceptors during which electrons release their energy
* The loading of electrons and hydrogen ions onto NADP+
to form NADPH
(NADP+ + H+ + 2e− → NADPH)
* Use of this energy to pump protons from the stroma to inside the thylakoid, creating a proton gratient
* Passive movement of protons down this gradient back into the stroma
produces kinetic energy that is used by the ATP synthase enzyme to produce ATP from ADP and Pi.
What are the key events that happen during LI?
-Also known as the Calvin cycle
-Can only proceed in the presence
of high-energy coenzymes
-Function is to assemble simple inorganic carbon dioxide molecules into more complex organic glucose molecules.
What is chloroplast?
Chlorophyll-containing organelle that is the site of photosynthesis
What is chlorophyll?
Green pigment that traps the radiant energy of light
What is the site of LD reaction?
Thylakoid
What is the site of LI reaction?
Stroma
What is thylakoid?
Fattened membranous sacs in chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll
What is grana?
Stacks of flattened thylakoids; singular: granum
What is stroma?
In chloroplasts, the semi-
fluid substance which contains enzymes for some of the reactions
of photosynthesis
What is ATP?
A Loaded coenzyme and energy supplier
What is NADPH?
Loaded coenzyme and donor of
hydrogen ions and electrons
