Origin and Formation of Elements

Question 1

NOT a theory but is a description or MODEL of the early universe

Answer 1

BigBang Theory

Question 2

A Belgian Astrophysicist and Priest that was the first to propose to describe the early universe emerged from a state of enormous and energy.

Answer 2

Georges Lemaitre

Question 3

British Astronomer, coined the “big bang” in response to Einstein’s work

Answer 3

Fred Hoyle (1949)

Question 4

An Astronomer that used a telescope to prove nebulae were actually distant galaxies. (HUBBLE’S LAW)

Answer 4

Edwin Hubble (1929)

Question 5

Name the three (3) scientists that discovered the CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS

Answer 5

George Gamow, Ralph Alpher, Hans Bethe

Question 6

Physicist that proposed the RAPID COOLING OF THE HOT UNIVERSE led to the creation of LIGHT ELEMENTS

Answer 6

George Gamow

Question 7

What were the light elements from Gamow’s theory?

Answer 7

Deuterium, Helium, and Lithium

Question 8

Proposed that the expansion of the universe would produce ELEMENTARY PARTICLES needed to make hydrogen and helium. Expanded the idea in the ALPHA-BETA-GAMMA PAPER.

Answer 8

Ralph Alpher

Question 9

Researched on NUCLEAR REACTIONS in stars and explained the FORMATION OF HEAVY ELEMENTS in Big Bang.

Answer 9

Hans Bethe

Question 10

What is the Process of Bigbang Theory?

Answer 10

Big Bang > Cooling > Nucleosynthesis

Question 11

It is the Afterglow Radiation after the cooling process

Answer 11

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)

Question 12

Process of Creating Elements

Answer 12

Nucleosynthesis

Question 13

What are the three (3) classifications of elements?

Answer 13

Light, Heavy, and Heavier than Iron (Fe)

Question 14

Elements that cannot be felt. From Hydrogen to Beryllium.

Answer 14

Light Elements

Question 15

Elements that can be felt. Initiated via “CLUMPING OF MATTER”.

Answer 15

Heavy Elements

Question 16

Elements with an Atomic Number bigger than Iron (Fe), also known as the fuel sources of stars

Answer 16

Heavier Elements

Question 17

A REACTION CHAIN that takes place due to HIGH temperature.

Answer 17

“clumping of matter” (also known as Nuclear Fusion)

Question 18

What are the two (2) types of Reactions?

Answer 18

Exothermic and Endothermic

Question 19

Release of energy in the form of heat or light.

Answer 19

Exothermic

Question 20

Absorption of Energy or Heat

Answer 20

Endothermic

Question 21

Reaction where Light Nuclei combine to form Heavier Nuclei

Answer 21

Nuclear Fusion

Question 22

Atoms with same number of neutrons but different number of electrons

Answer 22

Isotopes

Question 23

Isotope of Hydrogen

Answer 23

Deuterium

Question 24

Nucleus of a Deuterium, consists of a proton and neutron.

Answer 24

Deuteron

Question 25

Nucleus of Heaviest Hydrogen Isotope (tritium), consists of a proton and two neutron

Answer 25

Triton

Question 26

What are the Evidences of Big Bang?

Answer 26

Hubble's Law (Cosmic Expansion) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)

Question 27

Theory that states galaxies are moving away from each other. Proved the universe was EXPANDING.

Answer 27

Hubble's Law or Cosmic Expansion

Question 28

Key Process in forming elements heavier than iron (Fe)?

Answer 28

Neutron Capture

Question 29

How are elements heavier than Iron (Fe) formed?

Answer 29

Supernova Explosions and Neutron Star Mergers

Question 30

Life Cycle of the Star (High-Mass Stars)

Answer 30

Nebula Main Sequence Red Supergiant Supernova Neutron Star (High- Mass Stars) or Black Hole (Very High-Mass Stars)

Question 31

Elements in a Nebula

Answer 31

Hydrogen and Helium

Question 32

Elements in a Main Sequence

Answer 32

Light Elements

Question 33

Elements in a Red Supergiant

Answer 33

Light and Heavy Elements

Question 34

Elements in a Supernova

Answer 34

Heavy and Heavier Elements

Question 35

Elements in a Neutron Star

Answer 35

Only or Mostly Heavier Elements

Question 36

Elements in a Black Hole

Answer 36

None

Question 37

What do you call the process of Big Bang?

Answer 37

Nucleosynthesis Primordial or Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Question 38

How did Nucleosynthesis Primordial begin?

Answer 38

Fusion of Protons and Neutrons

Question 39

What did Nuclear Fusions form?

Answer 39

Deuterium, Helium, Lithium, and Beryllium

Question 40

In "clumping of matter", which elements change?

Answer 40

Hydrogen and Helium > Carbon and Oxygen