Origin of the Dinosaurs

Question 1

Origin of Dinosaurs

What did the 1980 standard model of ecological process for the origin of dinosaurs look like?

Answer 1

Early Triassic: Synapsids
Early to late Triassic: Early Archosaurs
Middle Triassic: Rhynchosaurs
Middle to late Triassic: Dinosaurs

Question 2

Origin of Dinosaurs

What are synapsids and what did they eat?

Answer 2

Early ancestors of mammals, carnivores and herbivores

Question 3

Origin of Dinosaurs

What group replaced synapsids as herbivores?

Answer 3

Rhyncosaurs

Question 4

Origin of Dinosaurs

Rhyncosaurs replaced which group as herbivores?

Answer 4

Synapsids

Question 5

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group replaced synapsids as carnovires?

Answer 5

Early archosaurs

Question 6

Origin of Dinosaurs

Early archosaurs replaced which group as carnivores?

Answer 6

Synapsids

Question 7

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group gave rise to dinosaurs?

Answer 7

Early archosaurs

Question 8

Origin of Dinosaurs

Which group includes birds and crocodiles today, and had dinosaurs as ancestors?

Answer 8

Early archosaurs

Question 9

Origin of Dinosaurs

What is the term for the 3 step process where one group gave way to another?

Answer 9

“Ecological relay”

Question 10

Origin of Dinosaurs

What does the “Ecological relay” depict?

Answer 10

Where one group gave way to another

Question 11

Origin of Dinosaurs

What alternative theory did Michael J. Benton argue in 1983 against the Romer-Colbert model?

Answer 11

That climate change killed of Rhynchosaurs and early archosaurs, which lead to dry conditions, giving rise to dinosaurs

Question 12

Origin of Dinosaurs

Who presented the ecological relay model for the origin of dinosaurs and what was its name?

Answer 12

Al Romer and Ned Colbert - the “Romer - Colbert relay model”

Question 13

Ecology & Origin of Dinosaurs

What did Dr Alan Charig argue was evidence for the Romer-Colbert model? (re physicality of the groups)

Answer 13

Synapsids and rhynchosaurs were sprawlers, dinosaurs were upright and therefore must have out-competed them

Question 14

Ecology & Origin of Dinosaurs

What were the issues with Dr Alan Charig’s evidence to back up the Romer-Colbert model?

Answer 14

The fossils and rocks from that time don’t support that theory, dinosaurs take over was rapid according to the fossils

Question 15

Origin of Dinosaurs

What was Dr Alan Charig’s position in 1983?

Answer 15

Head of the dinosaur section at the Natural History museum London

Question 16

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaurs - carnivorous and herbivorous?

Answer 16

Herbivorous

Question 17

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaurs - what was the most abundant type?

Answer 17

Hyperodapedon

Question 18

Rhynchosaurs

What group of early reptiles did Hyperodapedon belong to?

Answer 18

Rhynchosaurs

Question 19

Rhynchosaurs

Who used PVC moulds for dinosaur bone analysis?

Answer 19

Alick D. Walker

Question 20

Rhynchosaurs

What university did Alick D. Walker work for?

Answer 20

University of Newcastle

Question 21

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaur notable physicality’s

Answer 21

Wide skull, jaws that acted as sheers - like pen knife action to sheer food rather than chew

Question 22

Rhynchosaurs

Rhynchosaur - where found?

Answer 22

Worldwide; Scotland, Brazil, Argentina, India, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, Canada, US.

Question 23

What was the First Dinosaur?

Rhynchosaur - fossils found to exist at the same time as what?

Answer 23

Early dinosaurs

Question 24

What was the First Dinosaur?

Previously thought - 2000 who found what they initially thought were the earliest dinosaurs? Where were they found?

Answer 24

Al Romer - Ischigualasto formation of Argentina

Question 25

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Where does Ischigualasto country lie in sight of?

Answer 25

The Andes mountains

Question 26

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Where in Ischigualasto are the fossil beds located?

Answer 26

Ischigualasto Provisional park located in Valle de la Luna

Question 27

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What does Valle de la Luna mean?

Answer 27

Valley of the Moon

Question 28

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** 2000 - What fossils did Romer find that were likely to feed on Rhynchosaurs?

Answer 28

Herrerasaurus

Question 29

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Was Herrerasaurus a dinosaur or an early reptile?

Answer 29

Dinosaur

Question 30

# **What was the First Dinosaur? 2000 - Which dinosaur did Romer discover existed at the same time as Rhynchosaurs?

Answer 30

Herrerasaurus

Question 31

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Describe physicality's of Herrerasaurus

Answer 31

Large bipeds

Question 32

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What are the feeding habits of Herrerasaurus?

Answer 32

Carnivores - fed on Rhynchosaurs

Question 33

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Previously thought - 2003 which dinosaur was discovered in Poland?

Answer 33

Silesaurus

Question 34

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** 2003 Who discovered the Silesaurus in Poland?

Answer 34

Jerzy Dzik

Question 35

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** 2003 Which dinosaur did Jerzy Dzik discover in Poland?

Answer 35

Silesaurus

Question 36

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Silesaurus physicality's

Answer 36

Long and thin, erect posture, long neck

Question 37

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Silesaurus feeding habits

Answer 37

Herbivore

Question 38

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What did the discovery of Silesaurus lead to?

Answer 38

A new group Silesauridae - nearest relative of dinosaur

Question 39

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** 2010 What was discovered from the Manda formation of Tanzania?

Answer 39

Silesaurid (Asilisaurus being the oldest silesaurid)

Question 40

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What is the oldest silesaurid?

Answer 40

Asilisaurus

Question 41

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What lake is the formation of Tanzania near?

Answer 41

Lake Malawi

Question 42

# **Macroecology of Dinosaur Origins** What is the term for the largest mass extinction of all time?

Answer 42

The Permian-Triassic mass extinction

Question 43

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What is the Permian-Triassic mass extinction dubbed as?

Answer 43

The largest mass extinction of all time?

Question 44

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** What caused the Permian-Triassic mass extinction

Answer 44

Volcanic eruptions in Serbia / acid rain conditions

Question 45

# **What was the First Dinosaur?** Why are the previous origin of dinosaur competition-based theories now rebuked?

Answer 45

Rhynchosaurs fossils suddenly disappeared at a certain age of rock, indicating sudden death and not dwindling numbers resulting from competition