Origins of Buddhism: Exam 1

Question 1

samsara

Answer 1

the cycle of life and reincarnation

Question 2

Mahayana

Answer 2

the “Great Vehicle”: one of the principal divisions of Buddhism/a form of Buddhis, of later development

Question 3

Siddhartha Gauntama

Answer 3

The Buddha’s name

Question 4

Eightfold Path

Answer 4

in eight categories, the problem of the unsatisfactory nature of life

Question 5

parinirvana

Answer 5

the final nirvana, occurring at the death of the Buddha or any enlightened being. No more rebirth/end of samsara

Question 6

Six Realms of Rebirth

Answer 6

realms that someone/something is reborn into as the result of their good or bad karma

Question 7

Nagasena

Answer 7

Buddhist monk who is in many teachings

Question 8

karma

Answer 8

any moral act, good or bad, will bring about a corresponding positive or negative result, in this lifetime or the next

Question 9

dukkha

Answer 9

the first of the four noble truths, means SUFFERING

Question 10

mendicant

Answer 10

someone who becomes a beggar on purpose, such as a monk or nun

Question 11

bhikku

Answer 11

a Buddhist monk

Question 12

Dharma

Answer 12

Buddhist law, teaching, ad truths (one of the three jewels)

Question 13

arhat/arhant

Answer 13

someone who has attained enlightenment or will attain enlightenment and is no longer subject to karma, rebirth, and death

Question 14

bodhisattva

Answer 14

anyone who has taken a vow to become a Buddha, will attain that goal, and teach others

Question 15

Four Sights

Answer 15

when Buddha sees the sick, old, dead, and a monk/mendicant

Question 16

Middle Way

Answer 16

can’t live in absolute luxury or in extreme starvation. a kind of no more, no less way of thinking

Question 17

sangha

Answer 17

community of believers (monks and nuns)

Question 18

merit

Answer 18

good karma

Question 19

demerit

Answer 19

bad karma

Question 20

Milinda

Answer 20

King Milinda that often questions Buddhist teachings in the Buddhist teachings

Question 21

ascetic

Answer 21

starvation, which is a form of severe self-discipline many monks practiced

Question 22

wheel-turner

Answer 22

a revolutionary (Buddha was told he’d be a great king or a prophet)

Question 23

Shakyamuni

Answer 23

what the Buddha is referred to after his enlightenment. Shakya- fam name, Muni- “great one”

Question 24

Theravada

Answer 24

oldest form of institutional Buddhism

Question 25

buddha

Answer 25

someone who is enlightened and who teachers others. "awake to ultimate truth"

Question 26

Four Noble Truths

Answer 26

the basis of Buddhist thought (there is suffering, suffering has a cause, suffering has an end, there is a way to end suffering)

Question 27

Three Jewels/Three Refuges

Answer 27

Buddha (life, example, teaching), Dharma (Buddhist law, teaching, and truths), and Sangha (community of believers)

Question 28

Jain

Answer 28

early group of Sramanas who have many similarities with Buddhism

Question 29

Three marks of existance

Answer 29

suffering, impermanence, and no self/soul (anatman)

Question 30

Sutras

Answer 30

teachings of the Buddha

Question 31

layperson

Answer 31

someone who is no ordained

Question 32

5 Precepts

Answer 32

no stealing, killing, improper sex, lying, or intoxication

Question 33

Six Realms of Rebirth Order

Answer 33

Lowest-Highest Hell dweller, hungry ghost/demons, animals, humans, demigods, and gods *all subject to karma*

Question 34

Unnamed God

Answer 34

who should we give our offerings? | there is no supreme god

Question 35

Creation Hymn

Answer 35

who created existence? | No one knows and knowing isn't relevant to Buddhist teachings and doesn't help you reach nirvana

Question 36

Karma and the Six Realms

Answer 36

any moral act, good or bad, brings about a corresponding positive or negative effect. your karma determines what realm you are reborn into

Question 37

Signs of Suffering

Answer 37

Buddha saw sickness, old age, and death. Since suffering is inevitable, one must seek nirvana to stop it

Question 38

Great Departure

Answer 38

Buddha leaves his family, cuts his hair, trades in his royal clothes for robes, gives up his life of luxury and all worldly desires in seek of ultimate truth

Question 39

Awakening Achieved

Answer 39

Buddha learns from many teachers, is unsatisfied, goes off on his own and reaches enlightenment

Question 40

Milinda and the Chariot/The Man Who Lost His Body

Answer 40

teaches "no-self." There is no unchanging soul, you are not tied to any particular body or substance