Origins Of Psychology

Question 1

Definition of psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of the mind and behaviour

Question 2

Who were the 3 main people named in the philosophical roots of psychology and what were they responsible for?

Answer 2

Charles Darwin - created the evolutionary theory and is helpful in the biological approach

John loke - proposed empricicism and is useful in the behaviourist approach

Rene Descartes - proposed that the mind and body were seperate called cartusian dualism.

Question 3

Who opened the first psychological lab and when

Answer 3

1879 in Leipzig Germany

Question 4

WILHEM WUDNT was the first ____________ attempt to study the mind in controlled conditions

Answer 4

Systematic

Question 5

What does his method of study become known as?

Answer 5

INTROSPECTION

Question 6

What is meant by standardised procedure in wudnts research?

Answer 6

His main objective was to develop and test theories about mental processes

He identified 3 catagories:

• Thoughts
• Images
• Sensations

Question 7

Wht were the 3 catagories he identified?

Answer 7

• thoughts
• images
• sensations

Question 8

What is structuralism in wudnts research

Answer 8

Isolating the structure of the human mind by breaking the behaviour into its elements

Question 9

What is Wilhelm often called

Answer 9

The founding father of psychology

Question 10

What’s the difference between structuralism and introspection

Answer 10

INTROSPECTION - looking into the human mind and breaking conscience awareness

STRUCTURALISM- involved looking into their own thoughts and attesting to break them down into the most basic elements

Question 11

Outline the emergence of psychology as a science

Answer 11

1900- Behaviourists

1950’s - Cognitive

1980’s - Biological

Question 12

Explain the 1900 behaviourist approach?

Answer 12

John B Watson questioned the value of introspection saying it produced subjective data

Instead they proposed that we should only study phenomena that can be seen and measured using experiments

Question 13

Explain the 1950’s cognitive approach

Answer 13

DIGITAL REVOLUTION

Computers gave psychologists new metaphors for how the brain worked and tested their predictions using experiments

Question 14

Explain the 1980’s biological approach

Answer 14

Used the advancements in technology to investigate processes as they happen

Deveolped a better understanding of the relationship between genes and behaviour

E.g fMRI , EEG

Question 15

Explain modern day psychology

Answer 15

Even more tech and has people regulating the ethics of. The study’s

Its own discipline

Question 16

P: scientific

(S) OF WUDNT

Answer 16

E: All investigations are recorded in controlled environments meaning there was little influence of extraneous variables

E: TST Wundt’s research can be considered a forerunner for the later Scientology approaches

Question 17

P: Subjective data

(W) OF WUDNT

Answer 17

E: Wudnt relied of ppts - self reporting their mental processes = the data is subjective
Its difficult to establish the ‘laws of behaviour’ and generalise = doesn’t meet the aims of a science

Question 18

P: Modern psychology

S

Answer 18

E: Psychology has the same aims as the natural sciences and all approaches attempt to study the mind in an unbiased and controlled manner

E: TST through the 20th century psychology has established itself as its own dicipline

Question 19

P: Subjective data

W

Answer 19

E: Not all approaches use the objective methods. Like the human is approach who prefer 2 focus on the individual and subjective experience or the psychodynamic approach

E: Therefore a scientific approach is not always plausible