Ortho

Question 1

Epiphysis

Answer 1

Head, where growth occurs

Question 2

Metaphysis

Answer 2

Neck

Where remodeling occurs

Question 3

Diaphysis

Answer 3

Shaft

Cotical and cancellous bone

Question 4

Torticollis

Answer 4

SCM gets tight, pulls head to one side.
Ear to the gorund, yes to the sky
Can be vongenital or acquired

Question 5

Clubfoot

Answer 5

1:1,000
Talus plantar flexed
Can be treated with a series of casts

Question 6

Congenital Hip Dysplasia

Answer 6

2 - 17: 1,000
Breech position
Barlow and ortolani to dx

Question 7

CHD w/ bony deformity

Answer 7

Surgery is required

Femoral osteotomy

Question 8

Septic Arthritis of the Hip

Answer 8

Febrile, acutely ill
Hip flexed, externally rotated
Staph A.
I&D, IV Abx

Question 9

When does foot arch start to form?

Answer 9

Around 4 years.

Question 10

In-Toeing

Answer 10

Metatarsus Adductus

Treatment rarely indicated

Question 11

Genu Varum

Answer 11

Bow legs (out).
Usually corrects by age 4.
Blounts dz may need bracing or surgery

Question 12

Genu Valgum

Answer 12

Knock knees (knees bent in)
Most correct spontaneously.
After age 11 may need surgery

Question 13

Nursemaid’s Elbow

Answer 13

Radial head subluxation

Caused by sudden pull on extended, pronated arm.

Question 14

Nursemaid’s elbow tx

Answer 14

Gently flex, supinate elbow and press on radial head.

Happens in x-ray often

Question 15

Where to clavicle fx’s most offen occur in peds?

Answer 15

MIddle third

Common under age 7

Question 16

Calcaneal Apophysitis

Answer 16

Sever’s Dz
Heel pain associated w/ overuse
Squeeze test to dx

Question 17

Calcaneal apophysitis tx

Answer 17

Heel pad
Achilles stretching
NSAIDS

Question 18

Perthes Dz

Answer 18

Loss of blood supply to femoral head.
Head can collapse and subluxate
Males 6-8 yrs

Question 19

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)

Answer 19

Most common cause of hip pain in adolescents.
Most patients are larger
Males > Females
Surgical Tx

Question 20

Pelvic Apophysitis

Answer 20

Growth centers in pelvis
Inflammation of avulsion
Usually minimally displaced
Nonsurgical tx

Question 21

Snapping Hip

Answer 21

IT band slipping over great trochanter.
Often tender over trochanter
Stretch and reassure to tx

Question 22

Peds knee injuries

Answer 22

Generally at bone tendon jxn

Patellofemoral arthralgia

Question 23

Patello-femoral arthralgia (PFA)

Answer 23

Chondromalacia patellae
Girls > boys
Sore kneecap, diffuse discomfort.
Pain with stairs, cant sit w/ bent knee

Question 24

Osgood Schlatter’s

Answer 24

Inflammaiton where patellar tendon inserts tibia
Leaves a lump
Pt usually outgrows it

Question 25

Prominent, tender tibial tuburcle = ?

Answer 25

Osgood schlatters

Question 26

Jumper's knee

Answer 26

Tendonitis where patellar tendon originates (below patella). Anterior knee pain RICE tx

Question 27

IT Band Tendonitis

Answer 27

Lateral, knee pain Tender lateral epicondyle Running/biking RICE tx

Question 28

Patellar dislocation

Answer 28

2:1 women Externally rotated or bent knee. Reduce w/ extension

Question 29

Shin Splints

Answer 29

Medial tibial stress syndrome. Tender along posterior medial border or tibia. Diffuse pain

Question 30

Most common ligament for sprained ankle

Answer 30

Anterior talo-fibular ligament | RICE tx

Question 31

Spondylosis

Answer 31

Stress fx of pars Repetitive hyperextension of back. Progressive low back pain w/ activity. RICE, brace

Question 32

Scoliosis

Answer 32

Side bend of back Idiopatic or congenital observation, bracing or fusion

Question 33

Kyphosis

Answer 33

Increased thoracic curvature. | Postural usually seen in girls, bracing corrects

Question 34

Scheuermann's Dz

Answer 34

Osteochondritis of the spine. Wedged vertebrae Usually seen in boys May need surgery

Question 35

Boxer's Fx

Answer 35

Fx of 4th or 5th metacarpal neck. | Most heal in 3-4 wks in splint