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Ortho Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

best test for Acl

A

lachman
Lie the patient supine on the bed. Place the patient’s knee in about 20-30 degrees flexion. According to Bates’ Guide to Physical Examination, the leg should also be externally rotated slightly. The examiner should place one hand behind the tibia and the other on the patient’s thigh. It is important that the examiner’s thumb be on the tibial tuberosity. On pulling the tibia anteriorly, an intact ACL should prevent forward translational movement of the tibia on the femur (“firm end-feel”).

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2
Q

best test for meniscus

A

McMurray

supine, knee flexed, ER and IR

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3
Q

Ottowa ankle rules

A

bone tenderness at posterior edge of distal 6 cm or tip of medial/lateral malleolus
inability to bear weight for 4 steps

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4
Q

Ottowa foot rules

A

bone tenderness at navicular bone/base of 5th metatarsal

inability to bear weight for 4 steps

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5
Q

osteoperosis

A

T score less than -2.5
tx with bisphosphonates
MC fx is vertebral body compression fx

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6
Q

RA

A

morning stiffness >30 min
symmetrical joint swelling, boutonierre/swan deformity
-+ RF, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies

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7
Q

gout

A

negative birefringent needle monosodium crystals

diuretics can make worse

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8
Q

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

A

proximal muscle (shoulder, neck, hip girdle) stiffness and aching in the morning

  • ESR >40
  • associated with temporal arteritis
  • tx w/prednisone (quick response seen)
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9
Q

chondrosarcoma

A

30-50 YO

deep achey pain at night, popcorn calcifications

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10
Q

flexor tenosynovitis

A

Kanavel criteria

  1. tenderness along flexor tendon
  2. symmetrical swelling of finger
  3. pain wihth PROM
  4. flexed posture of finger
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11
Q

osteosarcoma

A

10-20 YO or >65
xray shows codman’s triangle, sunburst pattern
MC at the long bone metaphysis
MC malignant bone tumor

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12
Q

mallet finger can result in

A

swan neck deformity

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13
Q

hip dislocation

A

posterior

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14
Q

when is spinal stenosis pain better?

A

when leaning forward pain is less

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15
Q

TIA

A

transient episode of neurological disfunction caused by focal brain, spine, or retinal ischemia without infarct

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16
Q

how to dx carcinoid

A

5-HIAA

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17
Q

MS

A

CSF shows oligoclonal bands

MRI-multiple T2 hyperintensities

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18
Q

Scleroderma

A

ANA
Anti centromere
Anti topoisomerase

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19
Q

Anti Smith ab

Anti DS-DNA

A

SLE

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20
Q

Citrullinated

A

rheumatoid

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21
Q

Giant cell arteritis is a/w

A

polymyalgia rheumatica

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22
Q

Lisfranc injury

A

tenderness to tarsometatarsal joint

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23
Q

Tests for carpal tunnel

A

Phalen’s is best
Tinel
Nervw conduction confirms

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24
Q

dequervains tenosynovitis

Study These Flashcards
A

finklestein test

25
Internal rotation hip pain
scfe
26
Osgood schlatter tx
Tylenol and continue as tolerates
27
Mc bone fx that causes compartment syndrome
tibia
28
Pes anserine bursitis
Pain ober medial tibial condyle
29
sprain
ligmaent
30
strain
muscle, check for avulsion fx
31
most shoulder dislocations are
anterior, externally rotated | may injure axillary nerve
32
boxer fx
distal end of 5th metacarpal, gutter splint
33
Galeazzi
radial fx middle to distal 1/3 and dislocation of distal radioulnar joint
34
monteggia
ulna fx in proximal 1/3 and radial head dislocation
35
Gamekeepers
ucl injury
36
Duquervins
may have forearm pain as well, test with finkelstein
37
lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow
38
kyphosis
thoracic spine curvature may impact pulmonary function scheurmans appears at puberty
39
scoliosis
right thoracic curve is MC screen with Adams >40 refer to sx otherwise just f/u
40
jefferson fx
C1, odontoid view
41
hangman fx
C2
42
Clay Shoverler
C6/C7
43
spondylolithesis
scotty dog, ant slippage of vert body on inf counterpart, pars inticularis defect, oblique view****
44
hip fx
leg is short held in ER
45
hip dislocation
90% posterior, adducted in IR
46
stress fx
3rd metatarsal
47
what will be elevated in osteo
Sed rate
48
who gets screened for osteoperosis
women 65+
49
PAN
palpable purpura, P-ANCA
50
anti-histone
drug induced lupus
51
scleroderma
+ANA anticentromere anti SCL70
52
osteosarcoma
10-14 YO, starburst/sunray, sx | typically effects knee
53
ewing
moth eaten onion skin effects long bones
54
nerve injury that produces foot drop
deep peroneal nerve
55
what nerve injury results in scapular winging
long thoracic
56
frozen shoulder
decreased PROM and AROM
57
biceps tendiopathy
anterior shoulder pain
58
MC hip fx location in older adults
femoral neck

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