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PAS 532 > Ortho Language > Flashcards

Ortho Language Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

Erythema

A

Superficial redness

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2
Q

Echymosis

A

Bruising

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3
Q

Edema

A

Soft tissue swelling

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4
Q

Effusion

A

Swelling within a joint

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5
Q

Crepitus

A

Audible or palpable crunching during movement of tendons or ligaments ovr bone or areas of cartilage loss

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6
Q

Synovial fluid

A

Fluid from synovial membrane that lubricates joints and tendons

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7
Q

Tendon

A

Fibrous CT connecting muscle to bone

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8
Q

Ligament

A

Fibrous CT connecting bone to bone

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9
Q

Bursa

A

Disc shaped synovial sac facilitating joint action and allow adjacent muscles or tendons to glide over each other

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10
Q

Myalga

A

Generalized muscle aches and pains

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11
Q

Arthralgia

A

Joint pain without evidence of arthritis

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12
Q

Hemarthrosis

A

Bleeding into a joint

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13
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage lines end of long bones forming joint surface

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14
Q

Fibrous joints

A

Sutures
Gomphoses (between teeth)
Syndesmosis (ligament connects two bones allowing little movement like distal joint between tibia and fibula)

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15
Q

Cartilaginous joint

A

Between bones and cartilage
Synchondrosis
Symphysis

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16
Q

Synchondrosis

A

Immovable cartilaginous joint
Between first pair of ribs and sternum

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17
Q

Symphysis

A

Cartilaginous joint
Compressible fibrocartilage pad connects two bones allowing some movement.
Intravertebral discs
Pubic symphysis

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18
Q

Synovial joint

A

Articular capsule between two joined bones
Freely moveable

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19
Q

Types of synovial joints

A

Gliding
Hinge
Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle
Ball and socket

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20
Q

Gliding joint

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A

Synovial joint
Move against each other on single plane.
Intervertebral joints
Bones of wrists and ankles

21
Q

Hinge joint

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A

Synovial joint
Moves on one axis
Flexion and extension
Elbow
Fingers

22
Q

Pivot joint

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A

Synovial joint
Rotation
Axis (C2) rotation of head

23
Q

Condyloid joint

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A

Synovial joint
Circular motion, fexion, and extension
Wrist between radius and capal bones

24
Q

Saddle joint

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A

Synovial joint
Flexion and extension but no rotation
Thumb between first metacarpal and trapezium

25
Ball and socket joint
Synovial joint Can move on any axis Hip and shoulder
26
Strain
Stretch or tear in muscle or tendon
27
Sprain
Stretch or tear of ligament
28
Grade I strain or tear in muscle or tendon
<5% loss of function Minimal decrease in strength and ROM
29
Grade II stretch or tear in muscle or tendon
<50% of fibers torn and <50% loss of function
30
Grade III stretch or tear in muscle or tendon
Complete tear >50% loss of function
31
Subluxation
Partial loss of congruity between articular surfaces of joint AKA partial dislocation
32
Dislocation
Complete separation of two bones
33
How to describe fracture
OLD ACID Open or closed Location Degree (complete or incomplete) Articular extension Comminution/fracture pattern Intrinsic bone quality Displacement/angulation
34
Segmental fracture
Two or more fractures in same bone
35
Comminuted frature
Lots of fractures Looks like broken glass
36
Transverse fracture
Perpendicular to long axis of bone
37
Oblique fracture
Angular fracture down long axis of bone
38
Spiral fracture
Complex fracture line that encircles shaft of bone
39
Torus (buckle) fracture
Buckling of cortex without breaking bone Pediatrics Just looks like a little bump in the bone
40
Greenstick fracture
Disruption through one cortex while the other side remains intact Pediatric
41
Avulsion fracture
fragment of bone torn away from mass of bone
42
Apex of fracture
Most displaced part of the fracture
43
Intra-articular fracture
Fracture goes into joint Involves articular cartilage
44
Closed fracture
Intact skin over fracture
45
Open fracture
Loss of skin continuity Bone sticking out
46
Stress fracture
Caused by overuse of bones Bone constantly in state of turnover
47
Stress raction
Radiograph finding of increased metabolic activity at bone Looks slightly cloudy on xray around area Usually asymptomatic Precursor to stress fracture
48
Avulsion fracture
Fracture at insertion of tendon or ligament Fragment displaced by force of soft tissue Degree of displacement determines need for surgical treatment
49

PAS 532 (3 decks)

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