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PANCE Review > Ortho/Rheum > Flashcards

Ortho/Rheum Flashcards

(92 cards)

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1
Q

disruption of ligament connective tissue by sudden twisting of a joint

A

sprain

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2
Q

overstretching or disruption of muscle or muscle tendon unit, may be acute or due to overuse

A

strain

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3
Q

Salter Harris Type 1

A

fracture through epiphyseal plate with displacement

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4
Q

Salter Harris Type 2

A

through epiphyseal plate with displacement plus triangular segment of metaphysic is fractured

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5
Q

Salter Harris Type 3

A

runs from joint surface through epiphyseal plate and epiphysis

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6
Q

Salter Harris Type 4

A

fracture though epiphyseal plate, epiphysis and adjacent metaphysis

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7
Q

Salter Harris Type 5

A

crush injury of metaphysis

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8
Q

muscles found in rotator cuff

A

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

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9
Q

dull ache in shoulder, difficulty reaching over head, positive drop test - DX?

A

Rotator Cuff tear

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10
Q

X-ray findings diagnostic for shoulder separation

A

> 5 mm of separation between clavicle and acromial process

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11
Q

most common type of shoulder dislocation

A

anterior

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12
Q

what nerve can be injured in a shoulder dislocation

A

axillary

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13
Q

fracture at distal end of 5th metacarpal

A

Boxer’s fracture

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14
Q

splint used for boxer’s fracture

A

ulner gutter splint

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15
Q

X-ray findings that support the diagnosis of a radial fracture

A

positive fat pad sign

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16
Q

fracture of distal radius that causes a dinner fork deformity

A

colle’s fracture

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17
Q

splint used for Colle’s fracture

A

sugar tong splint

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18
Q

fracture of distal radius with volar displacement

A

Smith’s fracture

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19
Q

splint used for Smith’s fracture

A

volar wrist splint

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20
Q

radial styloid fracture

A

hutchinson’s fracture

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21
Q

ulna fracture and radial head dislocation

A

Monteggia’s fracture

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22
Q

radial fracture usually located at the junction of the middle and distal thirds and subluxation of inferior radioulnar joint

A

Galeazzi’s fracture

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23
Q

due to forced radial abduction at the MCP joint, damage to collateral ligament of thumb, affects pincer function, pain over MCP

A

Gamekeeper’s thumb

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24
Q

spint for Gamekeeper’s thumb

A

thumb spica

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25
point tenderness over anatomical snuffbox - DX?
scaphoid fracture
26
most common carpal bone fracture
scaphoid fracture
27
splint used for scaphoid fracture
thumb spica splint
28
what nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel
median nerve
29
dull ache in wrist, numbness, tingling in thumb and digits 2 and 3, relief with shaking of wrist
carpal tunnel syndrome
30
pain and numbness when dorsum of hands are placed against each other at a right angle
Phalen's test
31
pain with tapping over the palmar surface of wrist
Tinel's sign
32
treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome
splint (at night), NSAIDs, Steroids, surgery
33
inflammation of the sheath around extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus of thumb
DeQuervein's tenosynovitis
34
positive finkelstein test makes which diagnosis?
DeQuervein's tenosynovitis
35
tennis elbow
lateral epicondylitis
36
golfer's elbow
medial epicondylitis
37
painless swelling over olecranon
olecranon bursitis
38
inflammation and progressive fusion of the vertebrae, always effects sacroiliac joint
ankylosing spondylitis
39
decreased lumbar flexion is measure with which test
Schober test
40
HLA-B27 + in which orthopedic conditoin
ankylosing spondylitis
41
x-ray findings in ankylosis spondylitis
bamboo spine
42
increased convex curvature of thoracic spine
kyphosis
43
fixed kyphosis that develops at the time of puberty
Scheuermann's disease
44
lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
45
tool used on x-ray to measure the degree of scoliosis
Cobb's angle
46
nerve compression caused by narrowing of the spinal canal
spinal stenosis
47
position that relieves pain of spinal stenosis
leaning forward while standing
48
C1 fracture
Jefferson fracture
49
Bilateral C2 pedicle fracture
Hangman's fracture
50
avulsions of C6, C7 or T1
Clay-Shovellers fracture
51
anterior slippage of vertebral body on inferior counterpart
spondyloslisthesis
52
shortened leg and externally rotated
hip fracture
53
most common type of hip dislocation
posterior
54
limb shortened and internally rotated
posterior hip dislocation
55
anterior drawer tests which ligament
ACL
56
lachman tests which ligament
ACL
57
McMurray test which structure
meniscus
58
fluid filled bursa behind the knee
Baker's cyst
59
common mechanism of action for an ankle sprain
inversion with plantar flexion
60
pain in the plantar aspect of the foot, common when patient first gets out of bed
plantar fasciitis
61
foot fracture due to walking/marching
stress fracture
62
fracture at base of 5th metatarsal
jones
63
inflammatory process of the bone, can be caused by bacteria, fungal or viruses
osteomyelitis
64
common bug causing osteomyelitis
S. aureus
65
most common organism that causes septic arthritis
S. aureus
66
fever, chills, joint swollen, tender, limitation of motion, erythematous
septic arthritis
67
Bone density number needed to make the diagnosis of osteoporosis
T score < -2.5
68
Bone density number needed to make the diagnosis of osteopenia
T score between -1 and -2.5
69
prevention of osteoporosis
calcium, estrogen-progesterone therapy
70
First line treatment of osteoporosis
Bisphosphonates
71
patient with multiple tender points on exam
fibromyalgia
72
negatively birefringent crystals
gout
73
treatment of gout
NSAIDs, colchicine, steroids
74
most common location of gout
great toe
75
positively birefringent crystals
psuedogout
76
treatment of pseudogout
NSAIDs, steroids
77
monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid
gout
78
calcium pyrophosphate crystals in synovial fluid
pseudogout
79
vasculitic disease involving medium sized arteries
polyarteritis nodosa
80
symptoms of polyarteritis nodosa
peripheral neuropathy, palpable purpura, arthritis
81
lab value used to diagnose polyarteritis nodosa
P-ANCA
82
aching/stiffness in proximal muscles and inflammation of synovial joints shoulder/hip
polymyalgia rheumatica
83
a reactive arthritis in response to an infectious process elsewhere in the body
Reiter's syndrome
84
heberden's nodes
DIP joint
85
bouchard's nodes
PIP joint
86
asymmetric narrowing of the joint space, osteophytes
osteoarthritis
87
symmetric synovial inflammation of peripheral joints
rheumatoid arthritis
88
Boutonniere deformity
flexion deformity of PIP and extension of DIP
89
Swann neck deformity
hyperextension of PIP and flexion of DIP
90
Labs indicative of SLE
Positive ANA, positive Anti-ds DNA, positive anti-Sm antibodies
91
shiny, atrophic skin, raynaud's - DX?
scleoderma
92
dry eyes, dry skin, dry mouth, polyarthralgia - DX?
Sjorgen's syndrome

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