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PANCE Practice > Ortho- Shoulder > Flashcards

Ortho- Shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

what is the blood supply to the deltoid

A

thoracoacromial artery and anterior and posterior humeral circumflex artery

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2
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm

A
  1. biceps brachii
  2. coracobrachialis
  3. brachialis
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3
Q

presents with:

Shoulder pain/weakness over lateral deltoid exacerbated by overhead activities and at night

A

rotator cuff tear

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4
Q

what is the action of the deltoid

A

abduction
flexion
extension

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5
Q

what are the actions of the teres minor

A

lateral rotation

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6
Q

what nerve innervates the teres minor

A

axillary nerve(C5, C6)

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7
Q

what is the blood supply to the teres minor m.

A

subscapular and circumflex scapular artery

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8
Q

what nerve innervates the infraspinatus

A

suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

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9
Q

what are the attachments of the trapezius

A

ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes (T1-T12)
to
lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine

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10
Q

what nerve innervates the teres major m.

A

lower subscapular nerve (C6, C7)

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11
Q

what type of shoulder dislocations are there

A
  1. anterior (95-97%)
  2. posterior (2-4%)
  3. inferior (0-0.5%)
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12
Q

what does the axillary nerve innervate

A

deltoid, teres minor

*runs w/ posterior circumflex humeral artery

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13
Q

what 4 joints make up the shoulder?

A
  1. Glenohumeral joint - a shallow cavity (hole) in the scapula where the humerous sits.
  2. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint - between the clavicle and scapula.
  3. Sternoclavicular (SC) joint - between the clavicle and sternum (chest bone).
  4. Scapulothoracic joint - where the scapula meets the ribs at the back of the chest.
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14
Q

what is the function of the aconeus

A

extension of forearm

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15
Q

what is the blood supply of the trapezius

A

superficial branch of transverse cervical artery

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16
Q

what are the attachments of the deltoid

A 
clavicle
to
scapula
to
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
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17
Q

what are the actions of the trapezius

A

rotation, retraction, elevation and depression of scapula, shrug shoulders

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18
Q

what are rotator cuff muscles

A
  1. suprspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
  4. subscapularis
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19
Q

what is the triceps brachia innervated by

A

radial nerve

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20
Q

PE: prominence of posterior shoulder, holds arm ADDucted and INTERNALLY rotated

A

posterior shoulder dislocation

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21
Q

what do the anterior compartment muscles all have in common?

A
  • ALL innervated by musculocutanenous nerve
  • ALL supplied by muscular branch of brachial artery
  • ALL function of flexion of arm and/or forearm
22
Q

action of biceps brachii

A

flexion of arm and forearm

supination of forearm

23
Q

what are the attachments of the infraspinatus

A

infraspinatous fossa
to
greater tubercle

24
Q

most common complication of a shoulder dislocation

A

axillary nerve damage (runs inferiorly to humeral head and wraps around surgical neck of humerus)

*check sensation of “shoulder badge” and deltoid strength

25
what are the attachments of the subscapularis
subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle
26
MOI: blow to abducted externally rotated and extended arm
anterior shoulder dislocation
27
what is the blood supply to the infraspinatus m.
suprascapular and circumflex scapular artery
28
what are the attachments of the teres minor
middle 1/3rd of scapula to greater tubercle
29
actions of coracobrachialis
flexion | adduction of arm
30
what are the actions of teres major
extension, adduction, medial rotation
31
action of triceps brachia
extension of arm (long head) | extension of forearm (long, lateral, and medial heads)
32
what are the actions of the infraspinatus
lateral rotation
33
actions of brachialis
flexion of arm
34
PE: slightly ABDucted and EXTERNALLY rotated
anterior shoulder dislocation
35
what tests assess rotator cuff tear
1. Active painful arc test- pain with abducting arm to side around horizontal 2. Neer Test- examiner stabilizes scapula while forcing arm into maximal elevation 3. Hawkins-Kennedy test- Tests subacromial impingement 4. Drop arm test (failure to smoothly control shoulder adduction)-Supraspinatus test - Raise arms to side as high as possible and then lower arms to 90 degrees (arm will drop) - Weakness in external rotation
36
what is the antagonist m. to the deltoid
latissmus dorsi
37
what is the blood supply to the subscapularis m.
subscapular artery
38
what nerve innervates the trapezius
Accessory nerve (motor), cervical spine (motor and sensation)
39
what nerve innervates the subscapularis
subscapular nerve (C5, C6)
40
what is the aconeus innervated by
radial artery
41
what is the blood supply of the teres major
subscapular and circumflex scapular arteries
42
MOI: blow to the anterior portion of the shoulder, axial loading of an adducted and internally rotated arm, seizure convulsion
posterior shoulder dislocation
43
what are the attachments of the teres major m.
medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
44
what are the attachments of the supraspinatus
-supraspinatous fossa (superior to scapula) to -greater tubercle of humerus
45
what ligaments stabilize the GH joint
- Anterior: GH ligament (superior, middle, inferior) - Superiorly: coacoacromial ligament and coracohumeral ligament - Posterioinferiorly: No lig!- joint capsule only *Labrum: fibrocartilage attached to the rim of the shoulder socker
46
what nerve innervates the deltoid
axillary nerve
47
what is the blood supply to the supraspinatus
suprascapular and circumflex scapular artery
48
what nerve innervates the supraspinatus
suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
49
what imaging could assess a rotator cuff tear
- plain radiograph | - MRI**
50
what are the actions of the subscapularis
medial rotation
51
MOI: axial loading w/ the arm fully abducted for forecul hyperabduction
inferior shoulder dislocation
52
what are the actions of the supraspinatus
abduction and lateral rotation

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