Ortho & Trauma Flashcards
The tourniquet should be used no longer than ____
2 hrs
Tourniquet release results in the release of metabolic waste that can cause what?
metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, myoglobinemia, myoglobinuria, & renal failure
______ & ____ corresponds to the activation of the small, slow-conducting, unmyelinated C fibers
Burning & aching pain
What is given to total joint replacements to help decrease blood loss through inhibition of fibrinolysis & clot degradation?
tranexamic acid (TXA)
Pts with free fluid in the perihepatic, perisplenic, pericardium, or pelvis as well as penetrating injury, SBP _____ or HR ___ - are likely to have high mortality and trauma-induced coagulopathy & require ________
< 90 mmHg; 120 bmp; massive transfusion
Damage control resuscitation (DCR)
RBCs, FFP, & platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio for trauma transfusion
Most blood banks accept plasma & platelet donations only from ___ or ____
males or females who have never been pregnant or who have been tested & found to be anti-HLA negative
The presence of ____ in donor plasma is the principal TRALI risk factor
HLA antibodies
________ is the most common brain injury prompting emergency neurosurgical intervention and is associated with the highest mortality
Acute subdural hematoma
CPP = ? normal =?
MAP - ICP; 80 - 100 mmHg
Current brain trauma foundation guidelines recommend maintaining CPP between ____ and ICP at less than ____ for pts with severe head injury
50 and 70; 20 mmHg
On most brain injuries you want to ______, unless they are hypotensive and hemorrhaging
hyperventilate
_____ is preferable for fluid therapy in the presence of isolated TBI
crystalloid
The presence of profound bradycardia 24-48 hr after a high thoracic spinal cord lesion likely represents compromise of the cardioaccelerator function found in the _____ region
T1-T4
4ml/kg/% burned TBSA to be given in the first 24 hr, with half the volume given in the first 8 hr and remaining volume over the following 16 h
Parkland protocol
