Orthopedic Conditions

Question 1

Most common cause of shoulder injury is?

Answer 1

FOOSH

Question 2

Osteoporosis ration for Women to men is

Answer 2

2:1

Question 3

Shoulder injuries for the Younger Population is typically due to ____ and typically have _____

Answer 3

a high-velocity injury

greater displacement

Question 4

Name 3 locations of Shoulder Fractures

Answer 4

• Humeral Head
• Proximal/Humeral Neck
• Humeral Shaft

Question 5

Fractur of the Humeral Shaft can lead to

Answer 5

• Risk for radial Nerve injury
• Leading to radial Nerve palsy
• Decreased ability to extend elbow, wrist, and fingers

Question 6

Frozen shoulder is also called _____

Answer 6

adhesive capsulitis

Question 7

Avascular necrosis –

Answer 7

disrupted flow of blood leads to degeneration of bone. The blood to the humeral head is supplied by the anterior circumflex artery

Question 8

The blood to the humeral head is supplied by the?

Answer 8

anterior circumflex artery

Question 9

Myositis ossificans- Muscle calcifies and starts to more resemble ______

Answer 9

connective tissue

Question 10

CRPS is caused by

Answer 10

over-reaction of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 11

Elbow fractures can cause _____ injury

Answer 11

Peripheral Nerve Injury

Question 12

Volkmann’s Ischemia

Answer 12

edema develops within the connective tissue of the elbow. This puts a lot of pressure on nerves and blood vessels. This is life threatening.

Question 13

Rotator Cuff Muscles of the shoulder provide stability to the __ joint with movement

Answer 13

GH

Question 14

Function of the supraspinatus

Answer 14

Initiator of abduction (Most susceptible to injury due to location-usually from repetitive motions)

Question 15

Function of infrapsinatus

Answer 15

external rotator

Question 16

Function of teres minor

Answer 16

External rotation

Question 17

Function of the subscapularis

Answer 17

Internal Rotation

Question 18

Shoulder impingement syndrome is caused by compression of the structures found in the ____

Answer 18

subacromial space

Question 19

What are the structures in the subacromial space?

Answer 19

Supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, long head of biceps, joint capsule

Question 20

Can you have tendonitis without Impingement?

Answer 20

Yes

Question 21

Chief complaint with RTC and Biceps tendonitis will be?

Answer 21

Pain with movements above 90 degrees of flexion

Question 22

Bursitis is Inflammation of the

Answer 22

subacromial bursa

Question 23

Bursitis typically coexists with

Answer 23

shoulder impingement

Question 24

Calcific Tendonitis Most commonly occurs where?

Answer 24

Supraspinatus & Infraspinatus

Question 25

What is the most common torn RTC Tendon?

Answer 25

Supraspinatus

Question 26

Minor RTC Tear size – • Medium Tear – • Large Tear – • Massive Tear –

Answer 26

less than 1 cm

Question 27

Medium RTC Tear size

Answer 27

1cm – 3 cm

Question 28

Large RTC Tear size

Answer 28

3 cm to 5 cm

Question 29

Massive RTC Tear size

Answer 29

Greater than 5 cm

Question 30

Symptoms of RTC tear –

Answer 30

* Pain over the top of the shoulder * Radiating pain down lateral upper arm * Weakness and difficulty/pain lifting arm overhead (flexion) and out to side (abduction) * Difficulty and pain with lifting * Usually audible popping * Positive DROP ARM test for Supraspinatus T.

Question 31

A ___ test for surpaspinatus T is a sign of a RTC tear

Answer 31

DROP ARM

Question 32

Proximally, biceps Tendon Tears are usually on which head of the biceps?

Answer 32

LONG HEAD

Question 33

Proximally, bicep tendon tears are due to?

Answer 33

overstretching arm overhead, lifting something heavy, overuse and fraying of the tendon

Question 34

Distal bicep tendon tears are usually due to?

Answer 34

Elbow forcibly bent with a heavy load, mostly with heavy lifting

Question 35

What are the three phases of adhesive capsulitis?

Answer 35

* Freezing –Losing ROM, becoming painful * Frozen – Maximal loss of motion, most painful, difficult to use the shoulder, impaired sleep, can be a long lasting phase. * Thawing – Starting to regain ROM, sleeping better, things are starting to heal.

Question 36

TUBS acronym stands for

Answer 36

Traumatic Unilateral lesion with Bankart lesion (anterior glenoid labrum) and usually requiring surgery

Question 37

AMBRI acronym stands for

Answer 37

Atraumatic, Multidirectional, frequently Bilateral, responds to Rehabilitation and rarely requires an Inferior capsular

Question 38

Traumatic instability is usually caused by a?

Answer 38

significant injury

Question 39

95% of traumatic instability is

Answer 39

Anterior

Question 40

5% of traumatic instability is

Answer 40

Posterior

Question 41

Risk factors for laxity

Answer 41

* Age - the younger the patient the greater the likelihood of the joint becoming unstable * The severity of the first dislocation * Limited or no Immobilization of the joint after the first dislocation * Detachment of the anterior glenoid labrum (Bankart lesion) increases the rate of recurrence * Defect on the posterolateral surface of the humeral head (Hill- Sachs lesion) which increases the instability

Question 42

After a TSA (Total Shoulder Arthoplasty,) which motions should be avoided?

Answer 42

Abduction and ER

Question 43

Common causes of hip fractures

Answer 43

Common cause is a fall, MVA, or a sudden rotational force

Question 44

Which room of the house is the most common for falls to occur?

Answer 44

Bathroom

Question 45

Can a physiological fracture occur?

Answer 45

YES

Question 46

Most common hip fracture is a?

Answer 46

intertrochanteric Fracture

Question 47

Intertrochanteric fractures are more common in adults over __ years of age and more common in ___

Answer 47

50; women.

Question 48

Hip Fractures account for ___ of all fractures in people over the age of __

Answer 48

90%; 70

Question 49

With femoral Head Fractures, there is an Increased risk of?

Answer 49

avascular necrosis

Question 50

What two vessels provide vascular Supply to the Femur

Answer 50

Artery of ligamentum teres (supplies capsule) and deep femoral arteries supply the femoral head.

Question 51

Anterior Hip replacement movement precautions are

Answer 51

no external rotation, no extension. May not have hip precautions

Question 52

Posterior Hip replacement movement precautions are

Answer 52

no internal rotation, no flexion above 90 degrees, no adduction.

Question 53

Resurfacing of the hip is also called

Answer 53

Birmingham hip

Question 54

Weight bearing precautions for cemented hip replacements

Answer 54

Dependent on Physician but usually can WBTT (Weight-bearing to tolerance). Usually good for elderly, less active people and people with osteoporosis

Question 55

Weight-bearing precautions for Non-Cemented Hip replacements

Answer 55

Porous stem to allow natural bone to grow and attach to the prosthesis will be NWB for up to 2-3 months

Question 56

Indications are that __ hips last longer than ____

Answer 56

non-cemented | cemented

Question 57

Non-Weight Bearing - (NWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device-

Answer 57

0% Walker or crutches

Question 58

Touchdown Weight Bearing (TTWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

Answer 58

- 10-15% - Walker or crutches

Question 59

Partial Weight Bearing (PWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

Answer 59

¬- 30% - Walker or crutches

Question 60

50% Weight Bearing % of body weight and ambulatory device

Answer 60

- 50%- Cane

Question 61

Full Weight Bearing (FWB) % of body weight and ambulatory device

Answer 61

75-100% - Cane or no device

Question 62

In a partial Knee replacement, the ___ or ____ compartment of the knee is replaced

Answer 62

Medial or Lateral

Question 63

Indications for knee replacement are?

Answer 63

painful joints that restrict motion or restrict functional performance