Orthopedic disorders

Question 1

Osteoarthritis is a bone disordered that is exacerbated by what?

Answer 1

by activity, it is relieved with rest

Question 2

Anticitrullinated peptide/protein AB is a marker for what?

Answer 2

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid factor is also a marker that can be used

Question 3

for a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, what is the length needed for chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain?

Answer 3

more than 3 months

Question 4

what are medications given to treat fibromyalgia?

Answer 4

amitriptyline, duloxetine, pregabalin.

Question 5

what muscle in a rotator cuff is most likely to be injured?

Answer 5

supraspinatus

Question 6

what test rules out rotator cuff?

Answer 6

the empty can test
shoulder should be abducted to 90 degrees, shoulder is internally rotated and angled forward 30 degrees, with thumb pointing to the floor, then resist

positive test mean there was pain or weakness

Question 7

what test is done for shoulder impingement?

Answer 7

Hawkins-Kennedy test

Question 8

If a patient presents: older, female age, joint pain with limited range of motion to shoulder, most likely what two differential diagnoses?

Answer 8

Adhesive capsulitis or impingement syndrome

Question 9

lateral epicondylitis is also known as ?

Answer 9

tennis elbow

Question 10

what is the most important carpal bone?

Answer 10

scaphoid (Navicular) bone

Question 11

why is the navicular (scaphoid) bone so important?

Answer 11

it connects the hand to the wrist and it is the most common injured wrist bone

Question 12

what splint needs to be done for a patient with a scaphoid fracture?

Answer 12

thumb spica splint

Question 13

what does Waddell’s sign mean?

Answer 13

overexaggeration or overreaction sign , inappropriate physical signs

Question 14

what is the nerve root for sciatica ?

Answer 14

L5 to S1

Question 15

what is the test for sciatica?

Answer 15

straight leg raise

Question 16

how do you perform the straight leg raise?

Answer 16

examiner raise the patient’s leg passively with the ankle dorsiflexed, positive sciatica is reproduced between 10 and 60 degree in the affected leg

Question 17

when should you do a lumbar x-ray?

Answer 17

if there is trauma, suspected systemic disease, or pain is ongoing for more than 4 weeks

Question 18

what is a grade I ankle sprain?

Answer 18

stretch
minimally torn ligament, stable joint.

Question 19

what is a grade II ankle sprain?

Answer 19

(partial rupture)
incomplete tear, painful weight bearing

Question 20

what is a grade III ankle sprain?

Answer 20

complete rupture
completely torn ligament, severe pain, swelling, tenderness

Question 21

what is the most commonly seen ankle sprain in office?

Answer 21

grade II ankle sprain, partial rupture

Question 22

what is the hallmark pain in plantar fasciitis?

Answer 22

heel pain, it is a local point of tenderness

Question 23

what does collateral mean?

Answer 23

think cross

Question 24

what does the metatarsal squeeze test do?

Answer 24

tests for Morton’s neuroma

Question 25

A high purine diet is associated with what?

Answer 25

gout

Question 26

HerbNodes on the distal (farthest) interphalageal joint is called what?

Answer 26

Herberden's nodes

Question 27

Nodes on the distal (farthest) interphalangeal joint is called what?

Answer 27

Herberden's nodes

Question 28

a positive Finkelstein's test is indicative of what?

Answer 28

DeQuervain's tenosynovitis

Question 29

Burning pain between the 3rd and 4th toes is called what?

Answer 29

Morton's neuroma

Question 30

a positive tinel's and phalen's test is indicative of what condition?

Answer 30

carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 31

how to do the Finkelstein test?

Answer 31

flex the thumb inside the palm and stretch out wrist downward

Question 32

how to do the tinel's sign?

Answer 32

tap over the carpal tunnel of the wrist

Question 33

how to do the phalen's test?

Answer 33

reverse prayer hands downward

Question 34

what is a baker's cyst?

Answer 34

fluid filled cyst behind the knee, it causes a bulge and a feeling of tightness

Question 35

what condition causes injury to a bone that does not heal?

Answer 35

contusion

Question 36

what condition: injury to a MUSCLE?

Answer 36

strain

Question 37

what condition: injury to a ligament?

Answer 37

sprain

Question 38

what are the nodes called on the proximal interphalangeal joints?

Answer 38

Bouchard's nodes

Question 39

when should allopurinol be used ?

Answer 39

for patient with gout for PROPHYLAXIS

Question 40

what is the risk with a navicular fracture?

Answer 40

High risk of avascular necrosis and nonunion very important to refer to hand surgeon and use a thumb spica cast even if first x-ray is normal, but pain is felt in the snuffbox

Question 41

Genu varum is also called?

Answer 41

bowlegs

Question 42

a positive McMurray's test suggests injury to what?

Answer 42

Medial meniscus of the knee (MCL)

Question 43

a positive Lachman's test suggests what injury?

Answer 43

ACL damage to the knee

Question 44

which nodes occur in RA and OA?

Answer 44

Bouchard's nodes can occur in both

Question 45

gold standard for diagnosing gout ?

Answer 45

joint aspiration of the synovial fluid of the joint

Question 46

what are symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis?

Answer 46

early symptom is neck pain , has impaired spinal mobility. joint pain keeps pt awake at night. low grade fever and fatigue. has long term stiffness that is Improved with activity

Question 47

what is the treatment for gout flares?

Answer 47

prednisone 40 mg once a day or BID for 5-7 days, taper the dose.

Question 48

what medications can be used to treat a gout flare?

Answer 48

Prednisone Naprosyn or naproxen Indomethacin Colchicine

Question 49

why is colchicine used as a last resort to treat gout?

Answer 49

because it can cause diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and vomiting