Orthopedic Terms

Question 1

Bone transplanted from one animals to another of the same species.

Answer 1

Allograft

Question 2

Procedures performed to enhance surgical exposure of a joint.

Answer 2

Apophyseal osteotomies

Question 3

Bone transplanted from one site to another in the same animal.

Answer 3

Autograft

Question 4

Occurs when the insertion point of a tendon or ligament is fractured and distracted from the rest of the bone.

Answer 4

Avulsion fracture

Question 5

Span a comminuted fracture.

Answer 5

Bridging plates

Question 6

Used to denote the use of orthopedic wire placed around the circumference of the bone and compressing an oblique fracture.

Answer 6

Cerclage wire

Question 7

Fracture repair performed without a surgical exposure.

Answer 7

Closed reduction

Question 8

Plates that act to compress the fracture.

Answer 8

Compression plates

Question 9

Elective procedures in which the diaphysis or metaphysis of the bone is cut, realigned and stabilized until union occurs.

Answer 9

Corrective osteotomies

Question 10

The abnormal movement elicited during a physical examination that is caused by the tibia sliding cranially in relationship to the femur in the absence of the cranial cruciate ligament.

Answer 10

Cranial drawer

Question 11

The “grafting feel” or sound associated with manipulating a fractured bone or an arthritic joint.

Answer 11

Crepitation

Question 12

Fractures that heal more slowly than anticipated.

Answer 12

Delayed unions

Question 13

Bone formed without evidence of callus.

Answer 13

Direct bone union

Question 14

Bone formed on a cartilaginous precursor.

Answer 14

Endochondral bone formation

Question 15

Fracture fixation using casts or splints.

Answer 15

External coaptation

Question 16

Fracture fixation in which pins penetrate the bone and skin and are connected externally.

Answer 16

External fixation

Question 17

An incomplete fracture in which a portion of the cortex is intact.

Answer 17

Greenstick fracture

Question 18

Denotes wire that is placed through pre-drilled holes in the bone.

Answer 18

Hemicerclage wire or Interfragmentary wire

Question 19

The process of restoring fragment and limb alignment by distracting the major bone segments.

Answer 19

Indirect reduction

Question 20

Fracture fixation using internal implants to secure the bone.

Answer 20

Internal fixation

Question 21

Implants that are positioned in the medullary canal of long bones.

Answer 21

Intramedullary pins

Question 22

Direct differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts so bone forms without a cartilaginous precursor.

Answer 22

Intramembranous bone formation

Question 23

Healed fractures in which anatomic bone alignment was not achieved or maintained during healing.

Answer 23

Malunions

Question 24

Support a reconstructed fracture.

Answer 24

Neutralization plates

Question 25

A fracture that has an arrested repair process that requires surgical intervention to created an environment conducive to bone healing.

Answer 25

Nonunion

Question 26

The pin is started at one end of the bone, driven to the fracture area and then seated at the other end of the bone.

Answer 26

Normograde placement

Question 27

One in which the fracture is exposed to the external atmosphere.

Answer 27

Open fracture

Question 28

Fracture repair performed after a surgical approach to the bone.

Answer 28

Open reduction

Question 29

The manipulation used to subluxate a dysplastic hip.

Answer 29

Ortolani maneuver

Question 30

Removal of a segment of bone.

Answer 30

Ostectomies

Question 31

An inflammatory condition of bone and the medullary canal.

Answer 31

Osteomyelitis

Question 32

Procedures in which the bone is cut into two segments.

Answer 32

Osteotomies

Question 33

Process of reconstructing or realigning a fractured bone.

Answer 33

Reduction

Question 34

The pin is inserted at the fracture area, driven proximally to exit the bone, the fracture is reduced and the pin is driven distally to seat at the end of the bone.

Answer 34

Retrograde placement

Question 35

Process of modifying a fixation frame at approximately 6 weeks after surgery to increase the loading on the healing fracture.

Answer 35

Staged disassembly