os

Question 1

SJF

Answer 1

Shortest Job First: “A scheduling algorithm that deals with each user or task based on the getting the smaller ones out of the way.”

Question 2

Segmentation

Answer 2

“The splitting of a large program unto a number of smaller programs or segments. Each segment is a complete program that is executed separately. The function of the large program is achieved by running segments consecutively. Segmentation allows a large program to be executed on a computer with insufficient memory to store the whole program by carving up memory logically rather than physically.”

Question 3

Multi-tasking OS

Answer 3

“Any type of system that is capable of running or appearing to run more than one program at a time.”

Question 4

Interrrupt

Answer 4

41. 1.2.1c Operating systems Interrupt “A signal generated by a source such as an input or output device or a systems software routine that causes a break in the execution of the current routine. Control passes to another routine in such a way that the original routine can be resumed after the interrupt.”

Question 5

Real Time OS

Answer 5

“An operating system intended to serve real-time application process data as it comes in, typically without buffering delays.”

Question 6

Scheduling

Answer 6

“The method by which central processor time is allocated in a multi-access system.”

Question 7

SRT

Answer 7

Shortest Remaining Time: “A scheduling algorithm that deals with each user or task based on a calculating an estimated time remaking to complete.”

Question 8

BIOS

Answer 8

Basic Input / Output System: “Part of the operating system that handles the input and output of the computer. It enables the operating system to use the particular features of the hardware being used.”

Question 9

Virtual Machine

Answer 9

“An emulator of a particular computer system. Virtual machines operated based on the computer architecture and functions of a real or hypothetical computer, and their implementations may involve specialised hardware, software, or a combination of both.”

Question 10

Intermediate Code

Answer 10

“Half-way type of code which is standard across machine types. Runs on a virtual machine.”

Question 11

Memory Management

Answer 11

“The process of organising the flexible use of the computer’s main memory.”

Question 12

Distributed OS

Answer 12

“An operating system where the software is spread over a collection of independent, networked, communicating, and physically separate nodes.”

Question 13

MLFQ

Answer 13

Multi-Level Feedback Queue: “A complex scheduling algorithm that deals with tasks based on a set of priorities and rules across different league tables, jobs in a certain table get promoted up or down their table based on these rules and can then end up in totally different tables if they relegated.”

Question 14

Multi-user OS

Answer 14

“Any operating system designed to allow multiple users to log in and connect to it from different locations / machines at the same time. Specially designed for the sharing of resources such as files, programs or hardware (printers, scanners etc).”

Question 15

Intermediate Code

Answer 15

“Half-way type of code which is standard across machine types. Runs on a virtual machine.”

Question 16

Device Drivers

Answer 16

“A computer program that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer.”

Question 17

Operating System

Answer 17

“Collection of systems software that manages the computer. Usually supplied with the computer. Most common operating systems are Windows, Linux, Unix, MacOS, iOS.”