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OSI-Network-Cloud Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

OSI Model

A

Open systems interconnection reference model

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2
Q

Name the 7 layers of the OSI model from layer 1 to layer 7

A
  1. Physical
  2. Data Link
  3. Network
  4. Transport
  5. Session
  6. Presentation
  7. Application
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3
Q

From Application to Physical, whats a good sentence to remeber them all

A

All People Seem To Need Data Processing

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4
Q

Name some physicals

A

cabels, security guard, etc…

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5
Q

Data link Layer

A

MAC address layer, the foundation of communication at the data link layer
Extended Unique Identifiers (EUI-48)
- Switch

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6
Q

Media Access Control

A

In layer 2
- Hardward address of the wifi-adapter card

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7
Q

Network layer

A

The routing layer, how to transfer data, the internet protocol layer
- IP Address
- Router
- Packet

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8
Q

Transport Layer

A

Transfer data from one side to another
- TCP/UDP datagram

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9
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control protocol

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10
Q

UDP

A

User Datagram protocol

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11
Q

Session Layer

A

Communication management between devices
- Start stop restart
-Control protocols, tunneling protocols

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12
Q

Presentation Layer

A

Character Encoding, getting the pieces ready for the user
Application Encryption and decryption (combined with application layer)
- Application encryption (SSL/TLS)

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13
Q

Application Layer

A

The layer the user sees
HTTP/FTP
- Your eyes

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14
Q

Router

A

Take data at one IP to another IP
- Layer 3 device
- Layer 2 are the switches
LAN/WAN/copper/fiber

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15
Q

Switch

A

MAC address layer (layer 2)

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16
Q

ASIC

A

Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- briding between hardware

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17
Q

PoE

A

Power over etherent
(Sometimes your ethernet can both provide power and network connection)

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18
Q

Traditional firewall

A
  • Filter traffic by port number or application
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19
Q

NGFW

A

Next-gen firewall
- Identifiy applications through the network to allow/deny
- Encrypt traffic between sites with a VPn

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20
Q

What layer is firewalls normally at?

A

Layer 3
- sites on ingree/egree of the network
(In and out)
Firewall deals with this

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21
Q

NAT

A

Network Address Translation
- used by firewalls
- allows multipled private IPs to be used together to access things like the internet through a public IP

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22
Q

Dynamic Routing

A

Networks automatically route the best IPs for best connectivitiy

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23
Q

IDS

Study These Flashcards
A

Intrusion Detection System

24
Q

IPS

Study These Flashcards
A

Intrusion Prevention System

25
Load-balancer
Distribute the load of the network across multiple servers
26
TCP offload
Load-balancers can give protocol overhead, optimize the connection
27
SSL offload
Load-balancers can offer Encryption/decryption to the connection
28
Cacheing
Load-balancers can cache common requests for fast response
29
Prioritization
Load-balancers that can prioritze different connections
30
Content switching
Load-balances can see which servers might have already loaded what the connection wants so will send that to that particular server
31
Proxies Servers
-Allows users to access a proxy server to prevent users from accessing the main server (for security reasons) -On the user's behalf, fulfills the request - good place for caching
32
NAS
Network Attached Storage - connect to the shared storage device across the network - file level access (user request a file then sends it back)
33
SAN
Storage area network - Looks and feels liek a local storage device - Block-level acess - Very efficient for reading/writing
34
AP
Access point Not a wireless point - a wireless router that is both a router and an access point in a single device - used for wireless communication - holds an ethernet connection (layer2)
35
Wireless LAN controller
Centralized management of access poitns - Can deploy new access points - Configure and deploy changes to all sites - Contain reports on each access point - Proprietary System (Created by the same manufacturer)
36
CDN
Content delivery network - Set up in geographic areas to get data from one place to another - cache data in these data sites
37
VPN
Virtual Private Network - secure way to transfer data
38
VPN's Concentrator/head-end
integrated into a firewall (NGFW) where a piece of hardware allows the VPN to encrypt/decrypt access device
39
QoS
Quality of Service - Priotize different services Ex. Discord might priotize video/audio QoS - Priotize apps
40
TTL
Time to live (a timer) - repeititve tasks that might go on forever will have a stop point after a certain amount of time/iterations
41
Routing loop
Routes where the it will go in a loop until it reaches a TTL - each time it reaches a location, it reduces the TTL by 1 until it reaches 0 and stops the loop
42
IP
Internet Protocol
43
Mac/linux's TTL
64 hops
44
Window's TTL
128 hops
45
DNS
Domain Name System - Transfer's human readable domain names like www.google.com into machine readable IPs
46
Elasticity
Scale up or down as needed
47
Multitenancy (cloud)
Many users are using the same cloud infrastructure
48
NFV
Network function virtualization - replace physical network devices with the cloud - managed with hypervisors - alllows us to instantly deploy what we want
49
Hypervisors
fireware/software/hardware that runs a VM
50
VPC
Virtual Private Cloud - Pool of resources created in a public cloud - many different applications
51
VPC's transit gateway
used to centralize the VPCs = a cloud router - use a VPN connetion to access the cloud from your device
52
VPC Internet Gateway
Gateway to the internet - employees can access it from anywhere in the world
53
VPC Nat Gateway
Network Address Translation - private cloud subnets connect to external resources - external resources cannot access the private cloud
54
VPC Endpoint
used to connect a private VM to the cloud storage
55
Security Groups and Lists
Protocols and configurations that you can add to VM/VPC to decide what it is allowed to recieve and export - inbound/outbound rules
56
NSG
Network secuirty group - assigns security rules to different security groups

Network+ (3 decks)

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