Osmosis

Question 1

What is osmosis?

Answer 1

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a place where they are in high concentration to a place where they are in a low concentration, through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 2

Dilute solutions

Answer 2

A solution where there is a high concentration of water molecules.

Question 3

Concentrated solutions

Answer 3

A solution where there is a low concentration of water molecules.

Question 4

Same concentration of water molecules

Answer 4

When there is the same amount of water molecules on either side of the partially permeable membrane, the movement of water molecules will be the same in both directions.

Question 5

In cells

Answer 5

Water moves into and out of cells via osmosis.

Question 6

In plants

Answer 6

Plants take up water through their roots via osmosis.

Question 7

Osmosis in cells

Answer 7

Osmosis in cells is the net movement of water molecules from a dilute solution to a more concentrated solutions through a partially permeable cell membrane.

Question 8

Hypertonic solutions

Answer 8

Higher concentration of water molecules on the inside of the cell so the water will go out of the cell.

Question 9

Hypotonic solutions

Answer 9

Higher concentration of water molecules outside of the cell so water will go into the cell.

Question 10

Isotonic solutions

Answer 10

The same amount of water molecules on the inside of the cell as on the outside.

Question 11

Lysis (Red blood cell)

Answer 11

Is when the cell is bursting, this happens in Hypotonic solutions.

Question 12

Crenation (Red blood cell)

Answer 12

This is when the cell is shrinking because the water is leaving the cell, this happens in hypertonic solutions.

Question 13

Normal (Red blood cell)

Answer 13

The cell is in its normal state and this happens in isotonic solutions.

Question 14

Turgid (plants)

Answer 14

This is when there is too much water on the inside of the cell so the water is pushing against the cell wall making it stiff and turgid, this happens in a hypotonic solutions as the water is going into the cell.

Question 15

Plasmolysis (plants)

Answer 15

This is when a plant cell has too little water in the cell so it will shrivel up and become weak.

Question 16

Flaccid (plants)

Answer 16

This happens when there is enough water in the cell that it doesn’t shrink and doesn’t become turgid. This happens ion an isotonic solution.

Question 17

Temperature

Answer 17

The higher the temperature the more kinetic energy it has, therefore increasing the rate. And vise versa.

Question 18

Surface area

Answer 18

The larger the surface are the quicker it will happen.

Question 19

Distance

Answer 19

The shorter the distance the molecules have to travel the quicker it will be.

Question 20

Concentration gradient

Answer 20

The bigger the difference in concentration the faster the rate.

Question 21

Visking Tube

Answer 21

Visking tubing is made from a plastic that has small pores (holes) in it. The pores are larger enough for water molecules to go through it but not sugar molecules like sucrose. Therefore we call it a partially permeable membrane and osmosis can happen across it.