osmosis

Question 1

osmosis defenition

Answer 1

net diffusion of water mols across a selectivley permable membrane from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential

Question 2

water potential defeinition

Answer 2

tendency for water to move into a system
from higher water potential (less negative) to lower water potential (more negative)

Question 3

how is water potential decreased

Answer 3

by addition of solute

Question 4

what is the water potential of pure water

Answer 4

zero

Question 5

what unit is water potential measured in

Answer 5

kilopascals (kPa)

Question 6

what does addition of solute do to water potential

Answer 6

bring water molecules in, gives it a negative value

Question 7

explination of osmotic pull

Answer 7

external water molecules with higher potential energy move down an energy graident to the lower

Question 8

defnition of solute potential

Answer 8

measure of osmorux strength of solution

it is the reduction in water potential due to the presence of solute molecules

Question 9

defnition of turgid

Answer 9

plant cell that holds as much water as possible
further entry of water is prevented as cell wall cannot further expand

Question 10

what is the name of the pressure when the cell is turgid

Answer 10

pressure potential

Question 11

what does osmosis expand in plant cell

Answer 11

vacuole
pushes cytoplasm against cell wall

Question 12

what are the 2 opposing forces in plant cells

Answer 12

solute potential
pressure potential

Question 13

solute potential in plant cells

Answer 13

solutes in vacuole and cytoplasm pulling water in

higher they are, less likely water is to move out

Question 14

dumb expliantion of what water potential is

Answer 14

force which increases the water potential of the cell and whether water moves in or out

Question 15

water potential equation

Answer 15

pressure potential + solute potential

Question 16

what does it mean if the external solution is hypotonic

Answer 16

water flows into the cell

Question 17

what does it mean if the external solution is hypertonic

Answer 17

water flows out of the cell

Question 18

why does hypotonic external solution occur

Answer 18

water potential of external solutiono is higher than solution inside the cell

Question 19

why does hypertonic external solution occur

Answer 19

water potential of external solution is lower than the solution inside the cell

Question 20

what will happen if the external cell solution is isotonic

Answer 20

no net water movement

Question 21

why does isotonic external solution occur

Answer 21

cell has same water potential as external solution

Question 22

whats the cell called when plasmolysis happens

Answer 22

flaccid

Question 23

what happens to the plant when its cells are flacid

Answer 23

cells cannot provide suppport

Question 24

what is the pressure potential during incipient plasmolysis

Answer 24

no pressure potential as the cell wall doesnt put pressure on cytoplasm

Question 25

when does hypotnic solution stop taking in water?

Answer 25

until prevented by the opposing pressure from the cell wall

Question 26

defenition of plasmolysis

Answer 26

retraction of the cytoplasm and the cell membrane from the cell wall as a cell looses water by osmosis

Question 27

defenition of incipient plasmolysis

Answer 27

cell membrane annd cytoplasm are partially detatched from the cell wall due to insufficient water to make cell turgid

Question 28

what is the name of the cell when it can no longer take water in

Answer 28

turgid

Question 29

why is turgor important

Answer 29

provides support, maintains shape and hold young seedlings upright

Question 30

cytoplasm location in turgid cell

Answer 30

cytoplasm pushed against cell wall

Question 31

cytoplasm location in incipient plasmolysis cell

Answer 31

cytoplasm begining to pull away from cell wall

Question 32

cytoplasm location in plasmolysed cell

Answer 32

cytoplasm completley pulled away from cell wall

Question 33

why does pressure potential not have to be considered in animal cells

Answer 33

they dont have cell walls

Question 34

technical term for if red blood cells absorb too much water without wall they burst

Answer 34

haemolysis

Question 35

technical term for cells shriveling

Answer 35

crenated

Question 36

what version of water potential would shrivel

Answer 36

hypertonic

Question 37

what version of water potential would swell

Answer 37

hypotonic

Question 38

opposite of crenated cell

Answer 38

lysis cytolysis in animal cells